Kuo Yao-Haur, Huang Hui-Chi, Yang Kuo Li-Ming, Hsu Ya-Wen, Lee Kuo-Hsiung, Chang Fang-Rong, Wu Yang-Chang
National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Republic of China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Jun 15;53(12):4722-7. doi: 10.1021/jf047963s.
Five new dammarane-type saponins, 3beta,7beta,20(S),22-tetrahydroxydammar-24-ene-3-O-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, 3beta,7beta,20(S),22,23-pentahydroxydammar-24-ene-3-O-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, 3beta,7beta,20(S),22,25-pentahydroxydammar-23-ene-3-O-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, 25-methoxy-3beta,7beta,20(S),22-tetrahydroxydammar-23-ene-3-O-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and 25-methoxy-3beta,7beta,20(R)-trihydroxydammar-23-ene-3-O-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, named sapinmusaponins A (1), B (2), C (3), D (4), and E (5), respectively, together with three known phenylpropanoid glycosides (6-8), were isolated from the galls of Sapindus mukorossi. The structures of these saponins were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses and chemical methods. Preliminary bioassay data revealed that saponins 1 and 3-5 showed moderate cytotoxic activity (ED50 approximately 9-18 microg/mL) against human tumor cell lines (Hepa59T/VGH, NCI, HeLa, and Med) and that 1-5 were inactive in vitro against HIV replication in H9 lymphocytes.
从无患子的虫瘿中分离出5种新的达玛烷型皂苷，分别为3β,7β,20(S),22 - 四羟基达玛 - 24 - 烯 - 3 - O - α - L - 鼠李吡喃糖基-(1→2)-β - D - 葡萄糖吡喃糖苷、3β,7β,20(S),22,23 - 五羟基达玛 - 24 - 烯 - 3 - O - α - L - 鼠李吡喃糖基-(1→2)-β - D - 葡萄糖吡喃糖苷、3β,7β,20(S),22,25 - 五羟基达玛 - 23 - 烯 - 3 - O - α - L - 鼠李吡喃糖基-(1→2)-β - D - 葡萄糖吡喃糖苷、25 - 甲氧基 - 3β,7β,20(S),22 - 四羟基达玛 - 23 - 烯 - 3 - O - α - L - 鼠李吡喃糖基-(1→2)-β - D - 葡萄糖吡喃糖苷以及25 - 甲氧基 - 3β,7β,20(R)-三羟基达玛 - 23 - 烯 - 3 - O - α - L - 鼠李吡喃糖基-(1→2)-β - D - 葡萄糖吡喃糖苷，它们分别命名为无患子皂苷A（1）、B（2）、C（3）、D（4）和E（5），同时还分离出3种已知的苯丙素糖苷（6 - 8）。这些皂苷的结构通过光谱分析和化学方法得以阐明。初步生物活性测定数据表明，皂苷1以及3 - 5对人肿瘤细胞系（Hepa59T/VGH、NCI、HeLa和Med）显示出中等程度的细胞毒性活性（ED50约为9 - 18 μg/mL），并且1 - 5在体外对H9淋巴细胞中的HIV复制无活性。
