Moriarty Patrick M, Gibson Cheryl A
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
Curr Opin Cardiol. 2005 Jul;20(4):318-23. doi: 10.1097/01.hco.0000167722.22453.47.
The ability of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to reverse atherosclerosis and reduce cardiovascular disease has been shown in several randomized controlled trials. One mechanism by which high-density lipoprotein cholesterol protects the vascular system includes hemorheology, the study of blood flow.
Blood viscosity, or the resistance of flow, can be altered by red blood cell aggregation, red blood cell deformability, and plasma viscosity. Elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels may improve all of these rheological mediators. An infusion of recombinant high-density lipoprotein cholesterol can immediately release nitric oxide, a potent vasodilator and responder to changes in rheology, into the arteries by activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. The stimulation of nitric oxide release by high-density lipoprotein cholesterol may also alter blood rheology.
In this article, we will review hemorheology, particularly blood viscosity along with other hemorheological factors, and examine their association with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
多项随机对照试验已表明高密度脂蛋白胆固醇具有逆转动脉粥样硬化和降低心血管疾病的能力。高密度脂蛋白胆固醇保护血管系统的一种机制包括血液流变学，即对血流的研究。
血液黏度，即血流阻力，可因红细胞聚集、红细胞变形能力和血浆黏度而改变。升高的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平可能改善所有这些流变学介质。输注重组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇可通过激活内皮型一氧化氮合酶立即将一氧化氮（一种强效血管舒张剂和对流变学变化的反应物质）释放到动脉中。高密度脂蛋白胆固醇对一氧化氮释放的刺激也可能改变血液流变学。
在本文中，我们将综述血液流变学，特别是血液黏度以及其他血液流变学因素，并研究它们与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的关联。
