Silva C M D, Costi C, Costa C, Michelon C, Oravec R, Ramos A B, Niel C, Rossetti M L
Center of Scientific and Tecnological Development, State Foundation for Productivity and Research for Public Health, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
J Infect. 2005 Jul;51(1):24-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2004.07.007. Epub 2004 Sep 30.
The aim of this study was to determine the rate of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among blood donors living in a geographic region of low (5.6%) anti-HBc prevalence.
Sera from 150 candidate blood donors whose blood was rejected due to total anti-HBc reactivity (despite absence of HBsAg) were tested for anti-HBs and IgM anti-HBc antibodies, as well as for HBeAg/anti-HBe. Serum HBV DNA was sought by using a PCR assay able to amplify part of the surface gene. Viral load was measured in the PCR positive samples.
The pattern 'anti-HBc alone' (without HBsAg and anti-HBs antibodies) was found in 64 (42.7%) subjects. IgM anti-HBc and anti-HBe antibodies were detected in 2 (1.3%) and 80 (53.3%) samples, respectively. No sample was HBeAg-reactive. HBV DNA was repeatedly found in five (3.3%) samples, three of which were anti-HBs positive and two anti-HBs negative. All five HBV DNA positive samples showed a low viral load (<1000copies/ml).
The data indicated a low rate of occult infection among anti-HBc positive, HBsAg negative blood donors living in a region of low prevalence of infection. Viral load was very low in all HBV infected subjects.
本研究旨在确定居住在抗-HBc流行率较低（5.6%）地理区域的献血者中隐匿性乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染率。
对150名因总抗-HBc反应性（尽管无HBsAg）而被拒献血的候选献血者的血清进行抗-HBs和IgM抗-HBc抗体检测，以及HBeAg/抗-HBe检测。采用能够扩增部分表面基因的PCR检测法检测血清HBV DNA。对PCR阳性样本进行病毒载量测定。
在64名（42.7%）受试者中发现“单独抗-HBc”模式（无HBsAg和抗-HBs抗体）。分别在2份（1.3%）和80份（53.3%）样本中检测到IgM抗-HBc和抗-HBe抗体。无样本HBeAg反应性阳性。在5份（3.3%）样本中反复检测到HBV DNA，其中3份抗-HBs阳性，2份抗-HBs阴性。所有5份HBV DNA阳性样本的病毒载量均较低（<1000拷贝/ml）。
数据表明，在感染率较低地区，抗-HBc阳性、HBsAg阴性的献血者中隐匿感染率较低。所有HBV感染受试者的病毒载量都非常低。
