Batson J D, Hoban J S, Bitterman M E
University of Hawaii.
J Comp Psychol. 1992 Jun;106(2):114-9. doi: 10.1037/0735-7036.106.2.114.
Honeybees (Apis mellifera) were classically conditioned with odor as conditioned stimulus (CS), sucrose as unconditioned stimulus (US), and proboscis extension as response. The purpose of Experiment 1 (Ns = 26 and 27) was to look for facilitation of forward conditioning by CS-US overlap, but rapid conditioning without overlap left little room for improvement. In 2 further experiments, CS and US were simultaneous, and response to odor alone was measured in subsequent tests. In Experiment 2, a Simultaneous group (N = 25) responded more to the training odor than did an Unpaired control group (N = 25). In Experiment 3, a differentially conditioned Simultaneous group (N = 29) responded more to an odor paired with sucrose in training (S+) than to an odor presented alone (S-). The implications of the results for the problem of the role of amount of reward in honeybee learning are considered.
蜜蜂（意大利蜜蜂）以气味作为条件刺激（CS）、蔗糖作为非条件刺激（US）、喙伸展作为反应进行经典条件反射。实验1（N分别为26和27）的目的是探究条件刺激-非条件刺激重叠对正向条件反射的促进作用，但无重叠的快速条件反射几乎没有改进空间。在另外两个实验中，条件刺激和非条件刺激同时呈现，并在后续测试中测量对单独气味的反应。在实验2中，一个同时呈现组（N = 25）对训练气味的反应比未配对对照组（N = 25）更强烈。在实验3中，一个差异条件反射的同时呈现组（N = 29）对训练中与蔗糖配对的气味（S+）的反应比对单独呈现的气味（S-）的反应更强烈。文中考虑了这些结果对蜜蜂学习中奖励量作用问题的影响。
