Bratberg Grete H, Nilsen Tom I L, Holmen Turid L, Vatten Lars J
Faculty of Medicine, HUNT Research Centre, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Verdal, Norway.
Eur J Pediatr. 2005 Oct;164(10):621-5. doi: 10.1007/s00431-005-1721-0. Epub 2005 Jul 13.
Early sexual maturation has been associated with higher involvement in risk behaviour during early and mid-adolescence. In a prospective study of 2,129 girls and boys, we investigated whether the timing of sexual maturation was associated with cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking in late adolescence and whether this relation differed between boys and girls. Nine hundred and eighty boys and 1,149 girls, who participated in a cross-sectional study in middle school, were included in a follow-up study in high school 4 years later. Self-rating of pubertal status, as registered at baseline in middle school, was used to indicate the timing of sexual maturation. Age-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), estimated by logistic regression, were used to assess the association between sexual maturation and alcohol drinking and daily smoking at follow-up. We found that girls who had matured early (OR 1.7, CI 1.2-2.4) or late (OR, 1.5, CI, 1.1-2.2) were both more likely to report more advanced drinking in late adolescence than were girls who were on time. Boys who had matured late were less likely (OR 0.5, CI 0.3-0.8) than boys who were on time to engage in advanced drinking. In general, daily smoking was more common among girls than boys, and more common among girls who had matured early (OR 1.5, CI 1.1-2.2) than among girls who were on time. Adjustment for social factors, e.g. parental education and marital status and parental drinking and smoking habits, did not substantially influence these results. We concluded that, for girls, but not for boys, early sexual maturation was associated with more advanced drinking and higher frequency of smoking in late adolescence. In boys, late sexual maturation was associated with reduced risk of advanced drinking.
青春期早期性成熟与青少年早期和中期更多地参与危险行为有关。在一项对2129名女孩和男孩的前瞻性研究中，我们调查了性成熟的时间是否与青少年晚期吸烟和饮酒有关，以及这种关系在男孩和女孩之间是否存在差异。980名男孩和1149名女孩参与了一项中学横断面研究，4年后被纳入高中的随访研究。用中学基线时登记的青春期状态自评来表明性成熟的时间。通过逻辑回归估计的年龄调整优势比（OR）及其95%置信区间（CI），用于评估随访中性成熟与饮酒和每日吸烟之间的关联。我们发现，性成熟早（OR 1.7，CI 1.2 - 2.4）或晚（OR 1.5，CI 1.1 - 2.2）的女孩在青少年晚期报告饮酒程度更高的可能性均高于适时成熟的女孩。性成熟晚的男孩比适时成熟的男孩参与程度更高饮酒的可能性更低（OR 0.5，CI 0.3 - 0.8）。总体而言，每日吸烟在女孩中比在男孩中更常见，在性成熟早的女孩中（OR 1.5，CI 1.1 - 2.2）比适时成熟的女孩中更常见。对社会因素进行调整，如父母教育程度、婚姻状况以及父母的饮酒和吸烟习惯，并未对这些结果产生实质性影响。我们得出结论，对于女孩而非男孩，青春期早期性成熟与青少年晚期饮酒程度更高和吸烟频率更高有关。对于男孩，青春期晚期性成熟与程度更高饮酒风险降低有关。
