Dijksterhuis Ap, Meurs Teun
Social Psychology Program, University of Amsterdam, Roetersstaat 15, 1018 WB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Conscious Cogn. 2006 Mar;15(1):135-46. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2005.04.007. Epub 2005 Jul 12.
In three experiments, the relation between different modes of thought and the generation of "creative" and original ideas was investigated. Participants were asked to generate items according to a specific instruction (e.g., generate place names starting with an "A"). They either did so immediately after receiving the instruction, or after a few minutes of conscious thought, or after a few minutes of distraction during which "unconscious thought" was hypothesized to take place. Throughout the experiments, the items participants listed under "unconscious thought" conditions were more original. It was concluded that whereas conscious thought may be focused and convergent, unconscious thought may be more associative and divergent.
在三项实验中，研究了不同思维模式与“创造性”及原创性想法产生之间的关系。参与者被要求根据特定指令生成项目（例如，生成以“A”开头的地名）。他们要么在收到指令后立即这样做，要么经过几分钟的有意识思考后进行，要么在经过几分钟的分心状态后进行，在此期间假设会发生“无意识思考”。在整个实验过程中，参与者在“无意识思考”条件下列出的项目更具原创性。得出的结论是，虽然有意识思考可能是集中和收敛的，但无意识思考可能更具联想性和发散性。
