Pianigiani Elisa, Ierardi Francesca, Cherubini Di Simplicio Francesca, Andreassi Andrea
Department of Dermatology and Tuscan Region Skin Bank, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci, 53100 Siena, Italy.
Clin Dermatol. 2005 Jul-Aug;23(4):353-6. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2004.07.016.
Skin allografts were first used at the end of the last century by Girdner [Girdner JH. Skin grafting with graft taken from the dead subject. Med Rec (NY) 1881;20:119-20]; however, routine storage of human tissue developed only in the 1930s to 1940s [Webster JP. Refrigerated skin grafts. Ann Surg 1944;120:431-49] when reliable preservation methods became available. The first proper skin bank was the US Navy Skin Bank, set up in 1949 [McCauley RL. The skin Bank. In: Herndon DN, editor. Total burn care. 1st ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1996. p. 159-63]. Several skin banks were subsequently established in the United States and Europe, and in most cases they were organized as multitissue banks. Nowadays, it is estimated that 30 to 50 tissue banks are active in the United States, working according to the American Association of Tissue Banking (AATB) standards (AATB. Standards for tissue banking; 1984) and federal regulations (Real E S and regulations. Fed Regist. 1993).
皮肤异体移植最早于上世纪末由吉尔德纳使用[吉尔德纳JH。取自尸体的皮肤移植。《医学记录》（纽约）1881年；20:119 - 20]；然而，人体组织的常规储存直到20世纪30年代至40年代才得以发展[韦伯斯特JP。冷藏皮肤移植。《外科学年鉴》1944年；120:431 - 49]，当时可靠的保存方法才出现。第一个正规的皮肤库是1949年设立的美国海军皮肤库[麦考利RL。皮肤库。载于：赫恩登DN主编。《全面烧伤护理》。第1版。费城：桑德斯出版社；1996年。第159 - 163页]。随后在美国和欧洲建立了几个皮肤库，并且在大多数情况下它们被组织成多组织库。如今，据估计美国有30到50个组织库在运营，它们按照美国组织库协会（AATB）的标准（AATB。组织库标准；1984年）和联邦法规（雷亚尔ES和法规。《联邦公报》。1993年）开展工作。
