Lajous Martín, Mueller Nancy, Cruz-Valdéz Aurelio, Aguilar Luis Victor, Franceschi Silvia, Hernández-Avila Mauricio, Lazcano-Ponce Eduardo
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005 Jul;14(7):1710-6. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0926.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is sexually transmitted, but the nature of the infection in males is poorly understood. We sought to identify determinants of HPV infection, acquisition, and persistence in 1,030 healthy military men in Mexico.
From July 2000 to July 2003, trained interviewers administered a questionnaire, conducted a genital examination, and collected samples. The presence of multiple HPV types in genital cells from the urethra, urethral meatus, scrotum, penile shaft, and coronal sulcus was evaluated. At baseline 1,030 participants and after 1-year follow-up 336 individuals were sampled using a highly sensitive DNA reverse blot strip assay.
HPV prevalence was 44.6%; infection with high-risk types was observed in 34.8% participants and 51.1% were multiply infected. After 1-year follow-up, 165 men remained free of HPV, 68 cleared their infection, 45 acquired one, and 37 remained infected with the same HPV type. The period prevalence was 50.9%, the incidence rate was 17.9/1,000 men-months [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 13.0-23.9], clearance was 54%, and persistence was 29.4%. At baseline, the number of partners before age 20 years, a history of a sexually transmitted disease, and the presence of condilomas significantly increased the association with HPV infection. Having anal intercourse with males was associated with the risk of acquiring a HPV infection (odds ratio, 5.2; 95% CI, 1.2-23). The odds ratio for persistent infection was 0.10 (95% CI, 0-0.87) in men who reported being circumcised compared with those who did not.
High-risk sexual behavior increases the risk of HPV infection in males, whereas circumcision may lower the risk of persistence.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）感染通过性传播，但男性感染的本质尚不清楚。我们试图确定墨西哥1030名健康军人中HPV感染、获得和持续存在的决定因素。
从2000年7月至2003年7月，经过培训的访谈者发放问卷、进行生殖器检查并采集样本。评估了尿道、尿道口、阴囊、阴茎体和冠状沟的生殖细胞中多种HPV类型的存在情况。在基线时对1030名参与者进行采样，并在1年随访后对336名个体使用高灵敏度DNA反向杂交条带分析法进行采样。
HPV患病率为44.6%；34.8%的参与者观察到高危型感染，51.1%为多重感染。1年随访后，165名男性仍无HPV感染，68名清除了感染，45名感染了一种HPV，37名仍感染相同的HPV类型。期间患病率为50.9%，发病率为17.9/1000人月[95%置信区间（95%CI），13.0 - 23.9]，清除率为54%，持续感染率为29.4%。在基线时，20岁之前的性伴侣数量、性传播疾病史以及尖锐湿疣的存在显著增加了与HPV感染的关联。与男性进行肛交与感染HPV的风险相关（优势比，5.2；95%CI，1.2 - 23）。报告接受包皮环切术的男性与未接受包皮环切术的男性相比，持续感染的优势比为0.10（95%CI，0 - 0.87）。
高危性行为增加男性HPV感染风险，而包皮环切术可能降低持续感染风险。
