Donnelly Ursula M, Stewart Nuala M, Hollinger Mina
Community Eye Clinic, Newry and Mourne Health and Social Services Trust, Newry, N. Ireland, UK.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2005 Aug;12(4):243-50. doi: 10.1080/09286580590967772.
This population-based study examines the prevalence of childhood visual disorders: amblyopia (strabismus, refractive errors) and organic disease. It also assesses treatment outcomes, visual impairment and residual amblyopia.
1582 children were retrospectively analysed on treatment completion (age 8-9 years). Significant visual disorders included: esotropia, exotropia, anisometropia (hyperopia > or = 1.50DS, astigmatism > or = 1.00DC, myopia > or = 1.50DS), ametropia (hyperopia > or = 1.50DS, astigmatism > or = 1.0DC, myopia > or = 0.75DS) and organic defects.
198 children (12.5%) had a significant visual disorder: strabismus (3.98%), eso:exo rate 5:1, anisometropia (2.34%), ametropia (5.82%), organic defects (0.38%). Organic disease caused visual handicap (< 6/18 in better eye) in 0.13%. Amblyopic visual impairment (6/18; 6/24-6/60) occurred in 1.13%; 2.02% had residual amblyopia (6/12 or worse).
Childhood visual disorders are a common problem. Unfavourable visual outcomes in esotropia are related to two sub-groups and particularly with poor concordance to treatment. Suggested strategies to improve outcomes include health promotion, an "Amblyopia Nurse" and a "Patch Club".
这项基于人群的研究调查儿童视力障碍（弱视：斜视、屈光不正）和器质性疾病的患病率。它还评估治疗效果、视力损害和残余弱视情况。
对1582名儿童在完成治疗时（8 - 9岁）进行回顾性分析。显著视力障碍包括：内斜视、外斜视、屈光参差（远视≥1.50DS、散光≥1.00DC、近视≥1.50DS）、屈光不正（远视≥1.50DS、散光≥1.0DC、近视≥0.75DS）和器质性缺陷。
198名儿童（12.5%）存在显著视力障碍：斜视（3.98%），内斜：外斜比例为5:1，屈光参差（2.34%），屈光不正（5.82%），器质性缺陷（0.38%）。器质性疾病导致视力障碍（较好眼视力<6/18）的比例为0.13%。弱视性视力损害（6/18；6/24 - 6/60）发生率为1.13%；2.02%有残余弱视（6/12或更差）。
儿童视力障碍是一个常见问题。内斜视不良视力结果与两个亚组相关，尤其与治疗依从性差有关。建议的改善结果策略包括健康促进、设立“弱视护士”和“眼罩俱乐部”。
