儿童视力障碍的患病率及转归

Prevalence and outcomes of childhood visual disorders.

作者信息

Donnelly Ursula M, Stewart Nuala M, Hollinger Mina

机构信息

Community Eye Clinic, Newry and Mourne Health and Social Services Trust, Newry, N. Ireland, UK.

出版信息

Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2005 Aug;12(4):243-50. doi: 10.1080/09286580590967772.

DOI:10.1080/09286580590967772

PMID:16033745

Abstract

PURPOSE

This population-based study examines the prevalence of childhood visual disorders: amblyopia (strabismus, refractive errors) and organic disease. It also assesses treatment outcomes, visual impairment and residual amblyopia.

METHODS

1582 children were retrospectively analysed on treatment completion (age 8-9 years). Significant visual disorders included: esotropia, exotropia, anisometropia (hyperopia > or = 1.50DS, astigmatism > or = 1.00DC, myopia > or = 1.50DS), ametropia (hyperopia > or = 1.50DS, astigmatism > or = 1.0DC, myopia > or = 0.75DS) and organic defects.

RESULTS

198 children (12.5%) had a significant visual disorder: strabismus (3.98%), eso:exo rate 5:1, anisometropia (2.34%), ametropia (5.82%), organic defects (0.38%). Organic disease caused visual handicap (< 6/18 in better eye) in 0.13%. Amblyopic visual impairment (6/18; 6/24-6/60) occurred in 1.13%; 2.02% had residual amblyopia (6/12 or worse).

CONCLUSIONS

Childhood visual disorders are a common problem. Unfavourable visual outcomes in esotropia are related to two sub-groups and particularly with poor concordance to treatment. Suggested strategies to improve outcomes include health promotion, an "Amblyopia Nurse" and a "Patch Club".

摘要

目的

这项基于人群的研究调查儿童视力障碍（弱视：斜视、屈光不正）和器质性疾病的患病率。它还评估治疗效果、视力损害和残余弱视情况。

方法

对1582名儿童在完成治疗时（8 - 9岁）进行回顾性分析。显著视力障碍包括：内斜视、外斜视、屈光参差（远视≥1.50DS、散光≥1.00DC、近视≥1.50DS）、屈光不正（远视≥1.50DS、散光≥1.0DC、近视≥0.75DS）和器质性缺陷。

结果

198名儿童（12.5%）存在显著视力障碍：斜视（3.98%），内斜：外斜比例为5:1，屈光参差（2.34%），屈光不正（5.82%），器质性缺陷（0.38%）。器质性疾病导致视力障碍（较好眼视力<6/18）的比例为0.13%。弱视性视力损害（6/18；6/24 - 6/60）发生率为1.13%；2.02%有残余弱视（6/12或更差）。