Wessa Michèle, Karl Anke, Flor Herta
Department of Neuropsychology and Clinical Psychology at the University of Heidelberg, Central Institute of Mental Health, J5, 68159, Mannheim, Germany.
Exp Brain Res. 2005 Nov;167(1):56-65. doi: 10.1007/s00221-005-0007-0. Epub 2005 Oct 29.
This study examined verbal-subjective, peripheral and central physiological responses of motor vehicle accident (MVA) survivors with subclinical posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), without PTSD symptoms as well as healthy controls. Seven persons of each group were exposed to positive, neutral, accident-related and negative, non-accident-related slides. The verbal-subjective ratings of the slides did not differ between the groups. In contrast to the verbal ratings of the trauma-related materials, the behavioral and physiological responses showed a remarkable dissociation from these reports. The startle responses were enhanced to accident-related slides only in the PTSD group and MVA survivors with PTSD had a significantly lower response to the neutral slides than MVA survivors without PTSD. P200 was lower to positive, neutral and negative slides in the PTSD group compared to both other groups. The late positive complex showed no group-related effects. The data suggest that traumatized persons with PTSD show exaggerated emotional responses to trauma-related stimuli and reduced cognitive responses to several types of stimuli that may interfere with the extinction of the emotional trauma memory.
本研究调查了患有亚临床创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的机动车事故（MVA）幸存者、无PTSD症状者以及健康对照者的言语主观、外周和中枢生理反应。每组7人观看积极、中性、事故相关以及消极、非事故相关的幻灯片。各组对幻灯片的言语主观评分没有差异。与创伤相关材料的言语评分不同，行为和生理反应与这些报告表现出明显的分离。仅PTSD组对事故相关幻灯片的惊跳反应增强，且患有PTSD的MVA幸存者对中性幻灯片的反应明显低于无PTSD的MVA幸存者。与其他两组相比，PTSD组对积极、中性和消极幻灯片的P200较低。晚期正复合体未显示出与组相关的效应。数据表明，患有PTSD的受创伤者对创伤相关刺激表现出夸张的情绪反应，对可能干扰情绪创伤记忆消退的几种类型刺激的认知反应减少。
