Ahola Kirsi, Honkonen Teija, Isometsä Erkki, Kalimo Raija, Nykyri Erkki, Aromaa Arpo, Lönnqvist Jouko
Department of Psychology, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, FI-00250 Helsinki, Finland.
J Affect Disord. 2005 Sep;88(1):55-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2005.06.004.
Depression and burnout are common health problems in working populations today. They appear to be interrelated, and the need for their differential diagnosis has been highlighted in many reviews. We analysed the overlap of job-related burnout and depressive disorders, i.e., major depressive disorder, dysthymia, and minor depressive disorder.
We used the population-based 'Health 2000 Study' in Finland. Our nationally representative sample comprised 3276 employees aged 30-64 years. Burnout was assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey. Diagnoses of depressive disorders were based on the Composite International Diagnostic Interview.
Burnout and depressive disorders were clearly related. The risk of depressive disorders, especially major depressive disorder (12-month prevalence), was greater when burnout was severe. Half of the participants with severe burnout had some depressive disorder. Those with a current major depressive episode suffered from serious burnout more often than those who had suffered a major depressive episode earlier.
This study was cross-sectional.
The concepts of burnout and depression complement each other and cover partly overlapping phenomena. Depressive disorders are related to job-related burnout, particularly when it is severe. A current major depressive episode is likely to be associated with the experience of burnout. When encountering working patients, it is recommended to assess both the occurrence of burnout and of depressive disorders.
抑郁和职业倦怠是当今工作人群中常见的健康问题。它们似乎相互关联，许多综述都强调了对其进行鉴别诊断的必要性。我们分析了与工作相关的职业倦怠和抑郁障碍（即重度抑郁症、恶劣心境和轻度抑郁症）之间的重叠情况。
我们使用了芬兰基于人群的“2000年健康研究”。我们具有全国代表性的样本包括3276名年龄在30 - 64岁之间的员工。职业倦怠通过马氏职业倦怠量表-一般调查进行评估。抑郁障碍的诊断基于复合国际诊断访谈。
职业倦怠与抑郁障碍明显相关。当职业倦怠严重时，抑郁障碍尤其是重度抑郁症（12个月患病率）的风险更高。一半患有严重职业倦怠的参与者患有某种抑郁障碍。当前患有重度抑郁发作的人比那些早期患有重度抑郁发作的人更常遭受严重的职业倦怠。
本研究为横断面研究。
职业倦怠和抑郁的概念相互补充，涵盖了部分重叠的现象。抑郁障碍与工作相关的职业倦怠有关，尤其是在职业倦怠严重时。当前的重度抑郁发作可能与职业倦怠经历有关。在接诊在职患者时，建议同时评估职业倦怠和抑郁障碍的发生情况。
