Frieden Thomas R, Blakeman Drew E
New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, 125 Worth St, Rm 331, CN #28, New York, NY 10013, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2005 Sep;95(9):1500-5. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2005.063073. Epub 2005 Jul 28.
Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States. The health risks of smoking are well documented, as is the effectiveness of clinical and public health interventions to prevent and reduce smoking. However, many myths about smoking either encourage people to begin or continue smoking or deter them from quitting. Some myths stem from a misapplied understanding of what might seem to be common sense; others are deliberately promulgated by the tobacco industry to induce people--especially children--to start smoking and to keep them smoking as adults. These myths undermine tobacco control. However, comprehensive tobacco control programs that include anti-smoking public education campaigns can effectively counter these myths and prevent illness and premature death.
吸烟是美国可预防死亡的首要原因。吸烟对健康的危害已有充分记录，临床和公共卫生干预措施在预防和减少吸烟方面的成效也是如此。然而，许多关于吸烟的错误观念要么鼓励人们开始吸烟或继续吸烟，要么阻碍他们戒烟。一些错误观念源于对看似常识的错误理解；另一些则是烟草行业故意传播的，以诱使人们——尤其是儿童——开始吸烟并在成年后继续吸烟。这些错误观念破坏了烟草控制。然而，包括反吸烟公共教育运动在内的全面烟草控制计划可以有效反驳这些错误观念，预防疾病和过早死亡。
