Rogers R G
Department of Sociology, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309.
Demography. 1992 May;29(2):287-303.
This paper examines the demographic and social factors associated with differences in length of life by race. The results demonstrate that sociodemographic factors--age, sex, marital status, family size, and income--profoundly affect black and white mortality. Indeed, the racial gap in overall mortality could close completely with increased standards of living and improved lifestyles. Moreover, examining cause-specific mortality while adjusting for social factors shows that compared to whites, blacks have a lower mortality risk from respiratory diseases, accidents, and suicide; the same risk from circulatory diseases and cancer; and higher risks from infectious diseases, homicide, and diabetes. These results underscore the importance of examining social characteristics to understand more clearly the race differences in overall and cause-specific mortality.
本文研究了与不同种族寿命差异相关的人口统计学和社会因素。结果表明，社会人口统计学因素——年龄、性别、婚姻状况、家庭规模和收入——对黑人和白人的死亡率有深远影响。事实上，随着生活水平的提高和生活方式的改善，总体死亡率方面的种族差距可能会完全消除。此外，在调整社会因素的同时研究特定病因死亡率表明，与白人相比，黑人患呼吸系统疾病、事故和自杀的死亡风险较低；患循环系统疾病和癌症的风险相同；而患传染病、他杀和糖尿病的风险较高。这些结果强调了研究社会特征对于更清楚地理解总体死亡率和特定病因死亡率方面种族差异的重要性。
