Sá del Fiol F, Gerenutti M, Groppo F C
Pharmacology Department, School of Pharmacy of University of Sorocaba, Campinas State University, UNICAMP, Brazil.
Pharmazie. 2005 Jul;60(7):483-93.
Like anybody else, pregnant women are susceptible to infections. The correct treatment of these women, however, must consider along with pathogens, the infection site and antibiotic pharmacokinetics, the fetus and possible side effects to the child. When prescribing over this special condition, the physician must remember that the prescription will affect two organism and the drug must treat the mother without affecting the fetus. Beta-lactams having a long history of use without significant deleterious effects on the fetuses still are the safest choice during pregnancy. However, considering the constant increase of multi-resistant microorganisms, the physician has been forced to use different antimicrobial agents. Usually, data regarding safety during pregnancy are very limited, which causes serious doubts during prescription. In addition, many studies regarding the safe use of antibiotics during pregnancy are inconclusive or demand more evidence. The present study is a wide revision regarding the use of antibiotics during pregnancy, considering their pharmacokinetics and the clinical experience in recent years. It also intends to assist the physician during prescription and to give information to the pharmacists to help pregnant women.
和其他人一样，孕妇也容易受到感染。然而，对这些女性进行正确治疗时，必须除了考虑病原体之外，还要兼顾感染部位、抗生素药代动力学、胎儿以及对胎儿可能产生的副作用。在针对这种特殊情况开处方时，医生必须记住，该处方会影响两个生物体，药物必须在不影响胎儿的情况下治疗母亲。长期使用且对胎儿无明显有害影响的β-内酰胺类药物仍是孕期最安全的选择。然而，考虑到多重耐药微生物的不断增加，医生不得不使用不同的抗菌药物。通常，关于孕期安全性的数据非常有限，这在开处方时引发了严重的疑虑。此外，许多关于孕期安全使用抗生素的研究尚无定论或需要更多证据。本研究是对孕期抗生素使用的全面综述，考虑了它们的药代动力学以及近年来的临床经验。它还旨在在开处方时协助医生，并向药剂师提供信息以帮助孕妇。
