Murtagh Eoin, Heaney Liam, Gingles Jenny, Shepherd Richard, Kee Frank, Patterson Chris, MacMahon Joe
Regional Respiratory Centre, Belfast City Hospital, N. Ireland.
Eur J Epidemiol. 2005;20(5):443-53. doi: 10.1007/s10654-005-1248-8.
There are little data available on the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the United Kingdom. The Northern Ireland Cost and Epidemiology of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (NICECOPD) study is a two-stage survey to examine the prevalence of obstructive lung disease in a general population sample in the Greater Belfast area.
In stage one 4000 subjects aged 40-69 years were selected at random from the general population. They were posted a short screening questionnaire concerning respiratory symptoms. Respondents were divided into 'symptomatic' and 'asymptomatic' groups according to their responses. In stage two, a sample of symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects completed a more intensive assessment that included a detailed questionnaire on medical history, spirometry, skin allergy testing and serial peak flow measurements. Spirometric criteria for airflow obstruction were FEV1/FVC ratio of <70% with FEV1 < 80% predicted. Subjects were assigned diagnoses according to a pre-arranged protocol.
The survey was conducted from May 1999 to May 2001. There was a 67% response rate to the stage 1 screening questionnaire and 1330 responders were identified as being eligible to take part in stage 2. In total, 722 subjects completed a detailed assessment (50.8% Male, symptomatic, n = 326; asymptomatic, n = 396). COPD was diagnosed in 12.3% (8.8, 15.8) of the symptomatic and 2.2% (0.8, 3.6) of the asymptomatic group. The estimated prevalence of obstructive lung disease in the total population age 40-69 years was 14.4%: 6.3% COPD; 7.2% asthma; 0.9% with indeterminate airflow obstruction. In men, the prevalence of COPD varied from 4.9% in those aged 40-49 years to 12.3% in those aged 60-69 years and in women, varied from 1.4% in 40-49 years of age to 4.5% in 60-69 years.
The data suggest that COPD and asthma are common conditions in the general population and should inform future plans to address the burden of disease.
关于英国慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的患病率，现有数据很少。北爱尔兰慢性阻塞性肺疾病成本与流行病学（NICECOPD）研究是一项两阶段调查，旨在调查大贝尔法斯特地区普通人群样本中阻塞性肺病的患病率。
在第一阶段，从普通人群中随机选取4000名年龄在40 - 69岁之间的受试者。向他们邮寄了一份关于呼吸道症状的简短筛查问卷。根据回答将受访者分为“有症状”和“无症状”两组。在第二阶段，有症状和无症状受试者的一个样本完成了更深入的评估，包括一份关于病史的详细问卷、肺功能测定、皮肤过敏测试和连续峰值流量测量。气流阻塞的肺功能测定标准为FEV1/FVC比值<70%且FEV1<预测值的80%。根据预先安排的方案为受试者进行诊断。
该调查于1999年5月至2001年5月进行。第一阶段筛查问卷的回复率为67%，1330名回复者被确定有资格参加第二阶段。总共有722名受试者完成了详细评估（男性占50.8%，有症状的n = 326；无症状的n = 396）。有症状组中12.3%（8.8，15.8）被诊断为COPD，无症状组中为2.2%（0.8，3.6）。40 - 69岁总人口中阻塞性肺病的估计患病率为14.4%：COPD为6.3%；哮喘为7.2%；气流阻塞情况不确定的为0.9%。在男性中，COPD患病率从40 - 49岁人群中的4.9%到60 - 69岁人群中的12.3%不等，在女性中从40 - 49岁年龄段的1.4%到60 - 69岁年龄段的4.5%不等。
数据表明，COPD和哮喘在普通人群中很常见，应为未来应对疾病负担的计划提供参考。
