Canani S F, John A B, Raymundi M G, Schönwald S, Menna Barreto S S
Sleep Disorders Center, Pulmonary Section, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Room 2050, 90035-903 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Public Health. 2005 Oct;119(10):925-9. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2005.03.007.
To determine the prevalence of sleepiness in a group of Brazilian lorry drivers.
Cross-sectional study.
This study used a self-administrated questionnaire and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The questionnaire included questions regarding demographic features, professional data, sleep habits, night-time symptoms, excessive daytime sleepiness and history of previous automobile accidents.
Four hundred and thirty-eight male drivers, aged 34.2+/-9.5 years (mean+/-SD), were included in the study. The mean number of hours spent driving each day was 9.2+/-2.6h, compared with 4.5+/-2.3h for the night shift. The median distance covered weekly was 1,200 km (range 70-6,000 km). The most common sleep complaints were insomnia (26.6%), loud snoring (45%) and witnessed apnoea (7.6%). Eighty-six of 392 (22%) drivers reported falling asleep while driving, and 11 (2.8%) subjects indicated falling asleep daily or almost daily. One hundred and seventy-one drivers (39%) had been involved in a traffic accident, and 21 of 128 drivers (16.4%) indicated sleepiness as a possible contributing factor. The ESS was higher than 10 points in 120 (28%) of the interviewees.
Sleepiness is a prevailing symptom in lorry drivers and is probably related to accidents.
确定一组巴西卡车司机中嗜睡的患病率。
横断面研究。
本研究采用自行填写的问卷和爱泼沃斯思睡量表（ESS）。问卷包括有关人口统计学特征、职业数据、睡眠习惯、夜间症状、日间过度嗜睡以及既往汽车事故史的问题。
438名男性司机纳入研究，年龄为34.2±9.5岁（均值±标准差）。每天开车的平均时长为9.2±2.6小时，相比之下夜班时长为4.5±2.3小时。每周行驶的中位距离为1200公里（范围70 - 6000公里）。最常见的睡眠问题是失眠（26.6%）、大声打鼾（45%）和观察到的呼吸暂停（7.6%）。392名司机中有86名（22%）报告开车时睡着过，11名（2.8%）受试者表示每天或几乎每天都会睡着。171名司机（39%）曾发生过交通事故，128名司机中有21名（16.4%）指出嗜睡可能是一个促成因素。120名（28%）受访者的ESS高于10分。
嗜睡是卡车司机中普遍存在的症状，可能与事故有关。
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