Kazak Anne E, Kassam-Adams Nancy, Schneider Stephanie, Zelikovsky Nataliya, Alderfer Melissa A, Rourke Mary
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th Street and Civic Center Boulevard, Room 1486 CHOP North, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4399, USA.
J Pediatr Psychol. 2006 May;31(4):343-55. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsj054. Epub 2005 Aug 10.
To guide assessment and intervention for patients and families, a model for assessing and treating pediatric medical traumatic stress (PMTS) is presented that integrates the literature across pediatric conditions.
A model with three general phases is outlined--I, peritrauma; II, early, ongoing, and evolving responses; and III, longer-term PMTS. Relevant literature for each is reviewed and discussed with respect to implications for intervention for patients and families.
Commonalities across conditions, the range of normative responses to potentially traumatic events (PTEs), the importance of preexisting psychological well-being, developmental considerations, and a social ecological orientation are highlighted.
Growing empirical support exists to guide the development of assessment and intervention related to PMTS for patients with pediatric illness and their parents. The need for interventions across the course of pediatric illness and injury that target patients, families, and/or healthcare teams is apparent. The model provides a basis for further development of evidence-based treatments.
为指导对患者及其家庭的评估与干预，本文提出了一种评估和治疗儿童医学创伤应激（PMTS）的模型，该模型整合了各类儿科疾病的相关文献。
概述了一个包含三个一般阶段的模型——阶段一，创伤发生期间；阶段二，早期、持续且不断演变的反应；阶段三，长期的儿童医学创伤应激。针对每个阶段，回顾并讨论了相关文献，以及对患者及其家庭干预措施的影响。
强调了各类疾病中的共性、对潜在创伤性事件（PTE）的正常反应范围、既往心理健康的重要性、发育方面的考量以及社会生态取向。
越来越多的实证支持可指导针对患有儿科疾病的患者及其父母的儿童医学创伤应激评估和干预的发展。显然，在儿科疾病和损伤的整个过程中，需要针对患者、家庭和/或医疗团队进行干预。该模型为循证治疗的进一步发展提供了基础。
