农业环境对过敏原致敏的影响在儿童期之后仍会持续。
Effect of farming environment on sensitisation to allergens continues after childhood.
作者信息
Koskela H O, Happonen K K, Remes S T, Pekkanen J
机构信息
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
出版信息
Occup Environ Med. 2005 Sep;62(9):607-11. doi: 10.1136/oem.2004.014852.
AIMS
The farming environment in childhood has been reported to decrease the risk of sensitisation to allergens. The purpose of the present study was to explore whether later exposure to a farming environment also could affect this sensitisation.
METHODS
A population based sample of 202 women who did not live on a farm and 231 who did. The subjects filled in a questionnaire and underwent skin prick tests for several common and farming related allergens.
RESULTS
The prevalence of sensitisation to any of the allergens was similar in the two groups (37.1 v 34.6% (p = NS). However, compared with women who did not live on a farm, the women who lived on a dairy farm showed a low prevalence of sensitisation to pollens (4.4 v 17.3%, p = 0.01) and cats (3.5 v 10.4%, p = 0.047). The risk of sensitisation to pollens and pets was lowest among women with both a childhood and adulthood farming environment and was dose dependently associated with current contact with farm animals. However, this contact increased the risk of sensitisation to bovine dander.
CONCLUSION
The farming environment may reduce sensitisation to common allergens also after early childhood. However, it may also increase sensitisation to farm allergens.
目的
据报道，童年时期的农耕环境可降低对过敏原致敏的风险。本研究的目的是探讨后期接触农耕环境是否也会影响这种致敏情况。
方法
以人群为基础，选取了202名不住在农场的女性和231名住在农场的女性作为样本。研究对象填写了一份问卷，并接受了针对几种常见及与农耕相关过敏原的皮肤点刺试验。
结果
两组中对任何一种过敏原致敏的患病率相似（37.1%对34.6%，p=无显著性差异）。然而，与不住在农场的女性相比，住在奶牛场的女性对花粉（4.4%对17.3%，p=0.01）和猫（3.5%对10.4%，p=0.047）的致敏患病率较低。在童年和成年期都处于农耕环境的女性中，对花粉和宠物致敏的风险最低，且与当前接触农场动物呈剂量依赖性相关。然而，这种接触会增加对牛毛屑致敏的风险。
结论
农耕环境可能在幼儿期之后也会降低对常见过敏原的致敏情况。然而，它也可能增加对农场过敏原的致敏情况。
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