Laboratory detection and identification of Aspergillus species by microscopic observation and culture: the traditional approach.

Molecular and immunologic tests promise better, faster laboratory diagnosis of aspergillosis, but microscopy and culture remain commonly used and essential tools. Procedural changes, as well as adequate training of laboratory professionals, can enhance the value of these traditional tools. Using Blankophor or Calcofluor for microscopic examinations; improving recognition of morphologic characteristics of opportunistic fungi in stained smears of specimens; maximizing the growth rate and production of conidia by Aspergillus spp. in culture; and recognizing atypical variants of common aspergilli can improve the laboratory's contribution to rapid diagnosis. Surveys indicate that the number of laboratory professionals is declining as the demand for healthcare is rising. Effective recruitment, retention, and training of personnel must be concurrent with advances in technology.