Takeuchi Y, Magre S, Patience C
Wohl Virion Centre, Division of Infection and Immunity, Windeyer Institute of Medical Sciences, University College London, 46 Cleveland Street, London W1T 4JF, United Kingdom.
Rev Sci Tech. 2005 Apr;24(1):323-34.
Xenotransplantation, in particular the transplantation of pig cells, tissues and organs into human recipients, may alleviate the current shortage of suitable allografts available for human transplantation. This overview addresses the physiological, immunological and microbial factors involved in xenotransplantation. The issues reviewed include the merits of using pigs as xenograft source species, the compatibility of pig and human organ physiology, and the rejection mechanism and attempts to overcome this immunological challenge. The authors discuss advances in the prevention of pig organ rejection through the creation of genetically modified pigs, more suited to the human micro-environment. Finally, in regard to microbial hazards, the authors review possible viral infections originating from pigs.
异种移植，尤其是将猪的细胞、组织和器官移植到人类受体体内，可能会缓解目前人类移植可用的合适同种异体移植物短缺的状况。本综述探讨了异种移植中涉及的生理、免疫和微生物因素。所审查的问题包括将猪用作异种移植源物种的优点、猪和人类器官生理学的兼容性、排斥机制以及克服这种免疫挑战的尝试。作者讨论了通过培育更适合人类微环境的转基因猪在预防猪器官排斥方面取得的进展。最后，关于微生物危害，作者回顾了可能源自猪的病毒感染。
