Liu X M, Brown-Guedira G L, Hatchett J H, Owuoche J O, Chen M-S
Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
Theor Appl Genet. 2005 Nov;111(7):1308-15. doi: 10.1007/s00122-005-0059-3. Epub 2005 Nov 15.
A gene (temporarily designated Hdic) conferring resistance to the Hessian fly (Hf) [Mayetiola destructor (Say)] was previously identified from an accession of German cultivated emmer wheat [Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccum (Schrank ex Schübler) Thell] PI 94641, and was transferred to the Hf-resistant wheat germplasm KS99WGRC42. The inheritance of Hdic resistance exhibited incomplete penetrance because phenotypes of some heterozygous progenies are fully resistant and the others are fully susceptible. Five simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers (Xgwm136,Xcfa2153, Xpsp2999,Xgwm33, and Xbarc263) were linked to the Hdic gene on the short arm of wheat chromosome 1A in the same region as the H9, H10, and H11 loci. Flanking markers Xgwm33 and Xcfa2153 were mapped at distances 0.6 cM proximal and 1.4 cM distal, respectively. Marker analysis revealed that a very small intercalary chromosomal segment containing Hdic was transferred from emmer wheat to KS99WGRC42. This is the first emmer-derived Hf-resistance gene that has been mapped and characterized. The Hdic gene confers a high level of antibiosis to biotypes GP and L, as well as to strains vH9 and vH13 of the Hf, which is different from the biotype reaction patterns of the known Hf-resistance genes on chromosome 1A (H5 and H11 susceptible to biotype L, H9 and H10 susceptible to strain vH9). These results suggested that Hdic is either a new gene or a novel allele of a known H gene on chromosome 1A. The broad spectrum of resistance conferred by the Hdic gene makes it valuable for developing Hf resistant wheat cultivars.
一个赋予对小麦瘿蚊（Hf）[麦瘿蚊（Say）]抗性的基因（暂时命名为Hdic）先前已从德国栽培二粒小麦[圆锥小麦亚种二粒小麦（Schrank ex Schübler）Thell]种质PI 94641中鉴定出来，并被转移到抗Hf的小麦种质KS99WGRC42中。Hdic抗性的遗传表现出不完全显性，因为一些杂合后代的表型完全抗性，而其他的则完全敏感。五个简单序列重复（SSR）标记（Xgwm136、Xcfa2153、Xpsp2999、Xgwm33和Xbarc263）与位于小麦1A染色体短臂上与H9、H10和H11位点相同区域的Hdic基因连锁。侧翼标记Xgwm33和Xcfa2153分别定位在近端0.6 cM和远端1.4 cM处。标记分析表明，一个包含Hdic的非常小的中间染色体片段从二粒小麦转移到了KS99WGRC42中。这是第一个被定位和表征的源自二粒小麦的抗Hf基因。Hdic基因对生物型GP和L以及Hf的vH9和vH13菌株具有高水平的抗菌性，这与1A染色体上已知抗Hf基因的生物型反应模式不同（H5和H11对生物型L敏感，H9和H10对vH9菌株敏感）。这些结果表明，Hdic要么是一个新基因，要么是1A染色体上已知H基因的一个新等位基因。Hdic基因赋予的广谱抗性使其在培育抗Hf小麦品种方面具有价值。
