Mothershed Elizabeth A, Whitney Anne M
Meningitis and Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Clin Chim Acta. 2006 Jan;363(1-2):206-20. doi: 10.1016/j.cccn.2005.05.050. Epub 2005 Sep 1.
Recent advances in nucleic acid-based methods to detect bacteria offer increased sensitivity and specificity over traditional microbiological techniques. The potential benefit of nucleic acid-based testing to the clinical laboratory is reduced time to diagnosis, high throughput, and accurate and reliable results.
Several PCR and hybridization tests are commercially available for specific organism detection. Furthermore, hundreds of nucleic acid-based bacterial detection tests have been published in the literature and could be adapted for use in the clinical setting. Contamination potential, lack of standardization or validation for some assays, complex interpretation of results, and increased cost are possible limitations of these tests, however, and must be carefully considered before implementing them in the clinical laboratory.
A major area of advancement in nucleic acid-based assay development has been for specific and broad-range detection of bacterial pathogens.
基于核酸的细菌检测方法的最新进展比传统微生物技术具有更高的灵敏度和特异性。基于核酸的检测对临床实验室的潜在益处是缩短诊断时间、高通量以及准确可靠的结果。
有几种PCR和杂交检测试剂盒可用于特定生物体的商业检测。此外，数百种基于核酸的细菌检测方法已在文献中发表，可适用于临床环境。然而，这些检测可能存在污染风险、某些检测缺乏标准化或验证、结果解释复杂以及成本增加等局限性，在临床实验室实施之前必须仔细考虑。
基于核酸的检测方法开发的一个主要进展领域是细菌病原体的特异性和广谱检测。
