Van Belkum A, Niesters H G
University Hospital Rotterdam, Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 1995 Jul;41(5):615-23.
The use of nucleic acid amplification techniques within the medical microbiology laboratory is becoming more and more accepted. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests or nucleic acid sequence based amplification (NASBA) assays are already available in the form of commercial kits. Although the technology has been adapted for application in a routine diagnostic setting, some of the systems' characteristics are still amenable to improvement. In this communication several of these aspects will be discussed. Reproducibility of DNA amplification mediated diagnostics and quality control of tests aiming at detection or genetic typing of both viral and bacterial microorganisms, will be discussed. This will be exemplified by the results obtained in multicenter studies on PCR diagnostics of the hepatitis viruses HBV and HCV and by data gathered in the course of PCR mediated DNA fingerprinting of Staphylococcus aureus strains, also performed in different institutes. Application of related techniques such as direct sequencing of amplified (c)DNA or the development of species-specific DNA probes will be described.
在医学微生物实验室中，核酸扩增技术的应用越来越被广泛接受。聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测或基于核酸序列的扩增（NASBA）分析已经以商业试剂盒的形式出现。尽管该技术已被应用于常规诊断环境，但该系统的一些特性仍有待改进。在本交流中，将讨论其中的几个方面。将讨论DNA扩增介导诊断的可重复性以及针对病毒和细菌微生物检测或基因分型的检测质量控制。这将通过在多中心研究中获得的关于乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）的PCR诊断结果以及在不同机构进行的金黄色葡萄球菌菌株的PCR介导DNA指纹图谱过程中收集的数据来举例说明。还将描述相关技术的应用，如扩增的（c）DNA直接测序或物种特异性DNA探针的开发。
