Caliskan Deniz, Ozdemir Oya, Ocaktan Esin, Idil Aysun
Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Munzeviler sk No: 1 Akdere, Ankara, Turkey.
Patient Educ Couns. 2006 Jul;62(1):142-7. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2005.06.018. Epub 2005 Sep 1.
As in all chronic diseases, providing patients with necessary information about Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and educating them are the best method of control of DM and preventing further complication. The aim of this study was to investigate the awareness of DM and related factors in diabetics.
This cross-sectional study was conducted in four health centre areas of Ankara (n = 96,348) between 1997 and 2000. In these areas, the researches were visited every home and detected the total of 2136 diagnosed patients with DM. 62.5% of diabetics (1334) participated in the study in which a face-to-face interview was conducted to fill in a questionnaire followed by eye examination and fasting blood glucose level testing. Chi-square test and logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the relationships between factors.
Statistical analysis has shown that mean age of respondents was 57.4 +/- 10.9 years and majority were female (67.9%) and older onset DM (96.6%). Mean duration of DM was 7.8 +/- 6.5 years. Only 28.6% of patients (n = 382) have had informed about DM. The main information resource was found to be hospitals (76.4%), then media 19.1% and primary health care centers (PHCC) 3.9%. Patients who graduated from university were 13.5 times; who were under 50 years of age were 1.92 times; who have had prior eye examination were 1.84 times and who had co-morbidities were 1.52 times more likely to have informed about DM than the other groups.
Awareness of DM amongst diabetics is very low and mainly determined by their education levels. The PHCC play a very small role in dissemination of information towards diabetics.
Results from this study have implications for patient education efforts. Accurately, clinicians need to strive to improve overall levels of patients' awareness and knowledge of their specific conditions, regardless of their literacy. Many opportunities exist for raising diabetic's awareness of their disease and linking diabetic's growing health awareness with those health promoting behaviors known to reduce morbidity and mortality.
与所有慢性病一样，为糖尿病患者提供有关糖尿病（DM）的必要信息并对其进行教育是控制糖尿病和预防进一步并发症的最佳方法。本研究的目的是调查糖尿病患者对糖尿病的认知及相关因素。
这项横断面研究于1997年至2000年在安卡拉的四个健康中心区域进行（n = 96,348）。在这些区域，研究人员走访了每家每户，共检测出2136例确诊的糖尿病患者。62.5%的糖尿病患者（1334例）参与了该研究，研究中进行了面对面访谈以填写问卷，随后进行眼科检查和空腹血糖水平检测。采用卡方检验和逻辑回归分析来研究各因素之间的关系。
统计分析表明，受访者的平均年龄为57.4±10.9岁，大多数为女性（67.9%）且为老年发病型糖尿病（96.6%）。糖尿病的平均病程为7.8±6.5年。只有28.6%的患者（n = 382）了解糖尿病。主要信息来源为医院（76.4%），其次是媒体（19.1%）和初级卫生保健中心（PHCC，3.9%）。大学毕业的患者了解糖尿病的可能性是其他组的13.5倍；50岁以下的患者是1.92倍；之前进行过眼科检查的患者是1.84倍；患有合并症的患者是1.52倍。
糖尿病患者对糖尿病的认知非常低，主要取决于他们的教育水平。初级卫生保健中心在向糖尿病患者传播信息方面所起的作用非常小。
本研究结果对患者教育工作具有启示意义。确切地说，临床医生需要努力提高患者对自身特定病情的总体认知水平和知识水平，无论其文化程度如何。存在许多机会来提高糖尿病患者对其疾病的认知，并将糖尿病患者日益增长的健康意识与那些已知可降低发病率和死亡率的健康促进行为联系起来。
