Xu Jinping, Bartoces Monina, Neale Anne Victoria, Dailey Rhonda K, Northrup Justin, Schwartz Kendra L
Division of Practice-Based Research, Department of Family Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201-2153, USA.
J Am Board Fam Pract. 2005 Sep-Oct;18(5):374-82. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.18.5.374.
The association between changes in menopausal status and menopause-related symptom reporting over the course of the menopause transition is not well understood, especially whether there are any racial differences in this association.
To determine (1) the prevalence and the natural history of menopause symptoms among primary care patients approaching, or at menopause; (2) the relationship between self-reported symptoms and menopausal status; and (3) whether this relationship varies in African American and white women.
Cross-sectional self-report survey of 342 women aged 40 to 55 years (31.6% African American) were recruited from 8 family practice centers in 2000 and 2001.
Among 251 women without surgical menopause, 133 (53.0%) were premenopausal, 72 (28.7%) were peri-menopausal, and 46 (18.3%) were postmenopausal. The most commonly reported symptoms were joint/muscle pain and headache, which did not vary by menopausal status. As many as 28.6% of the women with regular menstruation reported hot flashes, and 18.8% had night sweats; although both symptoms were strongly associated with changes in menopausal status (P < .01). During the natural menopausal transition, white women had increasing trends of nervousness, memory loss, vaginal dryness, loss of sexual interest, hot flashes, and night sweats while African American women only had increasing trend of painful sex and hot flashes. In multivariate analyses, loss of sexual interest was associated with postmenopause status in white but not in African American women.
Symptoms are not uncommon among premenopausal women and become more prevalent as the transition through menopause occurs. The prevalence of vasomotor symptoms in premenopausal women may be an under-recognized aspect of the natural history of the menopause transition. African American and white women may present different symptoms through menopause transition.
绝经过渡期间绝经状态的变化与绝经相关症状报告之间的关联尚未得到充分理解，尤其是这种关联是否存在种族差异。
确定（1）临近绝经或处于绝经状态的初级保健患者中绝经症状的患病率和自然史；（2）自我报告的症状与绝经状态之间的关系；（3）这种关系在非裔美国女性和白人女性中是否存在差异。
2000年和2001年从8个家庭医疗中心招募了342名年龄在40至55岁之间的女性（31.6%为非裔美国人）进行横断面自我报告调查。
在251名非手术绝经的女性中，133名（53.0%）处于绝经前，72名（28.7%）处于围绝经期，46名（18.3%）处于绝经后。最常报告的症状是关节/肌肉疼痛和头痛，这些症状在不同绝经状态下并无差异。多达28.6%月经规律的女性报告有潮热症状，18.8%有盗汗症状；尽管这两种症状都与绝经状态的变化密切相关（P <.01）。在自然绝经过渡期间，白人女性出现紧张、记忆力减退、阴道干燥、性兴趣丧失、潮热和盗汗的趋势增加，而非裔美国女性仅出现性交疼痛和潮热的趋势增加。在多变量分析中，性兴趣丧失与白人女性的绝经后状态相关，而与非裔美国女性无关。
绝经前女性出现症状并不罕见，且随着绝经的过渡症状会更加普遍。绝经前女性血管舒缩症状的患病率可能是绝经过渡自然史中一个未被充分认识的方面。非裔美国女性和白人女性在绝经过渡期间可能表现出不同的症状。
