Bryant Richard A
University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
J Trauma Dissociation. 2005;6(2):5-15. doi: 10.1300/J229v06n02_02.
There is much interest in identifying people shortly after trauma exposure who will subsequently develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This review outlines recent developments in early identification of trauma-exposed people who are at high risk for PTSD development, including the rationale, evidence, and limitations of the acute stress diagnosis as a predictor of chronic PTSD. The potential role of acute dissociative responses mediating development of PTSD is also reviewed. The available evidence suggests that whereas acute dissociation is an important factor in the acute stress response, many people develop PTSD in the absence of dissociative symptoms. The evidence suggests that dissociation needs to be considered in the context of other factors in the aftermath of trauma if optimal identification of high-risk individuals is to be achieved.
人们对在创伤暴露后不久就识别出随后会患上创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的人有很大兴趣。本综述概述了创伤暴露人群中PTSD高风险早期识别的最新进展，包括急性应激诊断作为慢性PTSD预测指标的基本原理、证据和局限性。还综述了急性解离反应在介导PTSD发生中的潜在作用。现有证据表明，虽然急性解离是急性应激反应中的一个重要因素，但许多人在没有解离症状的情况下也会患上PTSD。有证据表明，如果要实现对高风险个体的最佳识别，在创伤后的其他因素背景下需要考虑解离因素。
