Himle Michael B, Woods Douglas W
Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA.
Behav Res Ther. 2005 Nov;43(11):1443-51. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2004.11.002. Epub 2005 Jan 28.
Tourette's syndrome (TS) is a neurobiological disorder consisting of motor and vocal tics that are thought to be temporarily suppressible. Many professionals, however, believe that a paradoxical increase in tic frequency (above baseline levels) occurs when efforts to suppress have ceased (i.e., a rebound effect). To date, little research has investigated tic suppression or its effects. This study examined tic frequency during baseline, suppression, and post-suppression conditions using an experimental preparation reported to reliably produce tic suppression in children. Six children with TS and one with chronic tic disorder (CTD) were recorded during baseline and repeated suppression and post-suppression conditions. Tic frequency was significantly lower during suppression as compared to baseline. Although tic frequency during post-suppression was higher than during suppression, it was lower than baseline levels, arguing against a "rebound" effect of tic suppression. Exploratory analyses revealed that scores on the attention problems subscale of the Child Behavior Checklist significantly predicted tic suppressibility. The relationships between age, tic severity, and tic suppressibility were also explored.
抽动秽语综合征（TS）是一种神经生物学障碍，由运动性和发声性抽动组成，这些抽动被认为是可以暂时抑制的。然而，许多专业人士认为，当抑制努力停止时（即反弹效应），抽动频率会出现反常增加（高于基线水平）。迄今为止，很少有研究调查抽动抑制或其影响。本研究使用一种据报道能可靠地在儿童中产生抽动抑制的实验方法，考察了基线期、抑制期和抑制后期的抽动频率。对6名患有抽动秽语综合征的儿童和1名患有慢性抽动障碍（CTD）的儿童在基线期、重复抑制期和抑制后期进行了记录。与基线期相比，抑制期的抽动频率显著降低。虽然抑制后期的抽动频率高于抑制期，但低于基线水平，这与抽动抑制的“反弹”效应相悖。探索性分析显示，儿童行为检查表注意力问题子量表的得分显著预测抽动抑制能力。还探讨了年龄、抽动严重程度和抽动抑制能力之间的关系。
