Stanistreet D, Bambra C, Scott-Samuel A
Division of Public Health, University of Liverpool, Whelan Building, The Quadrangle, Liverpool L69 3GB, UK.
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2005 Oct;59(10):873-6. doi: 10.1136/jech.2004.030387.
To examine the relation between levels of patriarchy and male health by comparing female homicide rates with male mortality within countries.
High levels of patriarchy in a society are associated with increased mortality among men.
Cross sectional ecological study design.
51 countries from four continents were represented in the data-America, Europe, Australasia, and Asia. No data were available for Africa.
A multivariate stepwise linear regression model was used. Main outcome measure was age standardised male mortality rates for 51 countries for the year 1995. Age standardised female homicide rates and GDP per capita ranking were the explanatory variables in the model. Results were also adjusted for the effects of general rates of homicide. Age standardised female homicide rates and ranking of GDP were strongly correlated with age standardised male mortality rates (Pearson's r=0.699 and Spearman's 0.744 respectively) and both correlations achieved significance (p<0.005). Both factors were subsequently included in the stepwise regression model. Female homicide rates explained 48.8% of the variance in male mortality, and GDP a further 13.6% showing that the higher the rate of female homicide, and hence the greater the indicator of patriarchy, the higher is the rate of mortality among men.
These data suggest that oppression and exploitation harm the oppressors as well as those they oppress, and that men's higher mortality is a preventable social condition, which could be tackled through global social policy measures.
通过比较各国女性凶杀率与男性死亡率，研究父权制水平与男性健康之间的关系。
社会中高水平的父权制与男性死亡率增加有关。
横断面生态学研究设计。
数据涵盖来自四大洲的51个国家——美洲、欧洲、澳大拉西亚和亚洲。没有非洲的数据。
使用多元逐步线性回归模型。主要结果指标是1995年51个国家的年龄标准化男性死亡率。年龄标准化女性凶杀率和人均国内生产总值排名是模型中的解释变量。结果还针对凶杀案总体发生率的影响进行了调整。年龄标准化女性凶杀率和国内生产总值排名与年龄标准化男性死亡率密切相关（皮尔逊r分别为0.699，斯皮尔曼为0.744），且两种相关性均具有显著性（p<0.005）。随后，这两个因素都被纳入逐步回归模型。女性凶杀率解释了男性死亡率差异的48.8%，国内生产总值又解释了13.6%，这表明女性凶杀率越高，即父权制指标越高，男性死亡率就越高。
这些数据表明，压迫和剥削不仅伤害被压迫者，也伤害压迫者，男性较高的死亡率是一种可预防的社会状况，可以通过全球社会政策措施加以解决。
