Mohammadi Mohammad-Reza, Davidian Haratoon, Noorbala Ahmad Ali, Malekafzali Hossein, Naghavi Hamid Reza, Pouretemad Hamid Reza, Yazdi Seyed Abbas Bagheri, Rahgozar Mehdi, Alaghebandrad Javad, Amini Homayoon, Razzaghi Emran Mohammad, Mesgarpour Bita, Soori Hamid, Mohammadi Mohammad, Ghanizadeh Ahmad
Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Roozbeh Hospital, South Kargar AV., 13185/1741, Tehran, Iran.
Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health. 2005 Sep 26;1:16. doi: 10.1186/1745-0179-1-16.
The nation-wide epidemiological survey of psychiatric disorders in term of lifetime prevalence is not adequately known in Iran. The prevalence of lifetime psychiatric disorders was estimated among the population of aged 18 and over on gender, age group, educational level, occupational status, marital status, and residential area.
The subjects were 25,180 individuals selected through a clustered random sampling method. The psychiatric disorders were diagnosed on the bases of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV criteria. It is the first study in which the structured psychiatric interview administered to a representative sample of the Iranian population age 18 and over by the 250 trained clinical psychologist interviewers. The data was entered through EPI-Info software twice in an attempt to prevent any errors and SPSS-11 statistical software was also used for analyses. The odds ratios and their confidence intervals estimated by using logistic regression.
The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was 10.81%. It was more common among females than males (14.34% vs. 7.34%, P < 0.001). The prevalence of anxiety and mood disorders were 8.35% and 4.29% respectively. The prevalence of psychotic disorders was 0.89%; neuro-cognitive disorders, 2.78% and dissociative disorders, 0.77%. Among mood disorders, major depressive disorder (2.98%) and among anxiety disorders, phobic disorder (2.05%) had the higher prevalence. The prevalence of psychiatric disorders among divorced and separated 22.31%; residents of urban areas 11.77%; illiterates 13.80%; householders 15.48%; unemployed 12.33% that were more than other groups.
The mental health pattern in Iran is similar to the western countries, but it seems that the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Iran may be lower than these countries. It is estimated that at least about 7 millions of Iranian population suffer from one or more of the psychiatric disorders. It shows the importance of the role of the psychiatric disorders in providing preventive and management programs in Iran.
伊朗全国范围内关于精神疾病终生患病率的流行病学调查尚不充分。在18岁及以上人群中，根据性别、年龄组、教育水平、职业状况、婚姻状况和居住地区对精神疾病终生患病率进行了估计。
通过整群随机抽样方法选取了25180名受试者。根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版标准对精神疾病进行诊断。这是第一项由250名经过培训的临床心理学家访谈员对18岁及以上伊朗人口的代表性样本进行结构化精神访谈的研究。数据通过EPI-Info软件录入两次以防止任何错误，同时还使用SPSS-11统计软件进行分析。使用逻辑回归估计比值比及其置信区间。
精神疾病患病率为10.81%。女性比男性更常见（14.34%对7.34%，P<0.001）。焦虑症和情绪障碍的患病率分别为8.35%和4.29%。精神分裂症患病率为0.89%；神经认知障碍为2.78%，分离性障碍为0.77%。在情绪障碍中，重度抑郁症（2.98%）患病率较高；在焦虑症中，恐惧症（2.05%）患病率较高。离婚和分居人群中精神疾病患病率为22.31%；城市地区居民为11.77%；文盲为13.80%；户主为15.48%；失业者为12.33%，均高于其他群体。
伊朗的心理健康模式与西方国家相似，但伊朗精神疾病的患病率似乎可能低于这些国家。据估计，至少约700万伊朗人口患有一种或多种精神疾病。这表明精神疾病在伊朗提供预防和管理项目中所起作用的重要性。
