Geller David E
The Nemours Children's Clinic, Orlando, Florida 32806, USA.
Respir Care. 2005 Oct;50(10):1313-21; discussion 1321-2.
Topically inhaled bronchodilators and corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. These medications are delivered via jet or ultrasonic nebulizer, metered-dose inhaler (MDI), or dry powder inhaler (DPI). While the number of devices may be confusing to patients and clinicians, each device has distinct advantages and disadvantages. Most clinical evidence shows that any of these devices will work for most situations, including exacerbations and in the stable outpatient setting. There is a high rate of errors in device use with all these devices, especially the MDI. In choosing a drug/device combination for a patient, the clinician must take into account several factors, including the cognitive and physical ability of the patient, ease of use, convenience, costs, and patient preferences. Clinicians should also have a rudimentary understanding of aerosol principles in order to be able to teach appropriate use of aerosol devices to their patients.
局部吸入性支气管扩张剂和皮质类固醇是哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病治疗的主要手段。这些药物通过喷射式或超声雾化器、定量吸入器（MDI）或干粉吸入器（DPI）给药。虽然设备的种类可能会让患者和临床医生感到困惑，但每种设备都有其独特的优缺点。大多数临床证据表明，这些设备中的任何一种在大多数情况下都有效，包括病情加重期和稳定的门诊环境。所有这些设备在使用时都有较高的出错率，尤其是MDI。在为患者选择药物/设备组合时，临床医生必须考虑几个因素，包括患者的认知和身体能力、易用性、便利性、成本以及患者的偏好。临床医生还应该对气雾剂原理有基本的了解，以便能够向患者传授气雾剂设备的正确使用方法。
