Poelmans S, De Wasch K, Noppe H, Van Hoof N, Van de Wiele M, Courtheyn D, Gillis W, Vanthemsche P, Janssen C R, De Brabander H F
Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Research Group of Veterinary Public Health and Zoonoses, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Food Addit Contam. 2005 Sep;22(9):798-807. doi: 10.1080/02652030500239508.
Boldenone (1,4-androstadiene-17-ol-3-one, Bol) has been the subject of a heated debate because of ongoing confusion about its endogenous or exogenous origin when detected in one of its forms in faecal or urine samples from cattle. An expert report was recently written on the presence and metabolism of Bol in various animal species. Androstadienedione (ADD) is a direct precursor of 17beta-boldenone (betaBol). It is a 3,17-dione; ssBol is a 17-ol-3-one. Not much is published on 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-diol, which is a 3,17-diol (ADL). If animals were exposed for a longer period to one of these analytes, a metabolic pathway would be initiated to eliminate these compounds. Similar to recent testosterone metabolism studies in the aquatic invertebrate Neomysis integer, ADD, ssBol and ADL could also be eliminated as hydroxymetabolites after exposure. The presence of 11-keto-steroids or 11-hydroxy-metabolites in faecal samples can interfere with a confirmation method by gas chromatography-negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry (GC-NCI-MS), after oxidation of corticosteroids with a double bond in the A-ring (e.g. prednisolone or its metabolite prednisone). The presence of androstadienetrione (ADT) in faecal samples of cattle has never been reported. The origin of its presence can be explained through different pathways, which are presented in this paper.
宝丹酮（1,4-雄二烯-17-醇-3-酮，Bol）一直是激烈争论的焦点，因为在牛的粪便或尿液样本中检测到其某种形式时，关于其内源或外源来源一直存在混淆。最近撰写了一份关于宝丹酮在各种动物物种中的存在和代谢的专家报告。雄二烯二酮（ADD）是17β-宝丹酮（βBol）的直接前体。它是一种3,17-二酮；βBol是一种17-醇-3-酮。关于1,4-雄二烯-3,17-二醇（一种3,17-二醇，ADL）的报道不多。如果动物长时间接触这些分析物中的一种，就会启动一条代谢途径来消除这些化合物。与最近对水生无脊椎动物Neomysis integer的睾酮代谢研究类似，ADD、βBol和ADL在接触后也可能作为羟基代谢物被消除。粪便样本中11-酮类固醇或11-羟基代谢物的存在，在A环有双键的皮质类固醇（如泼尼松龙或其代谢物泼尼松）氧化后，可能会干扰气相色谱-负化学电离质谱（GC-NCI-MS）的确认方法。牛粪便样本中从未有过雄二烯三酮（ADT）存在的报道。本文介绍了其存在的来源可以通过不同途径来解释。
