Wu Jian-Li, Wu Chanjian, Lei Cailin, Baraoidan Marietta, Bordeos Alicia, Madamba Ma Reina Suzette, Ramos-Pamplona Marilou, Mauleon Ramil, Portugal Arlett, Ulat Victor Jun, Bruskiewich Richard, Wang Guoliang, Leach Jan, Khush Gurdev, Leung Hei
Entomology and Plant Pathology Division, International Rice Research Institute, Metro Manila, Philippines.
Plant Mol Biol. 2005 Sep;59(1):85-97. doi: 10.1007/s11103-004-5112-0.
IR64, the most widely grown indica rice in South and Southeast Asia, possesses many positive agronomic characteristics (e.g., wide adaptability, high yield potential, tolerance to multiple diseases and pests, and good eating quality,) that make it an ideal genotype for identifying mutational changes in traits of agronomic importance. We have produced a large collection of chemical and irradiation-induced IR64 mutants with different genetic lesions that are amenable to both forward and reverse genetics. About 60,000 IR64 mutants have been generated by mutagenesis using chemicals (diepoxybutane and ethylmethanesulfonate) and irradiation (fast neutron and gamma ray). More than 38,000 independent lines have been advanced to M4 generation enabling evaluation of quantitative traits by replicated trials. Morphological variations at vegetative and reproductive stages, including plant architecture, growth habit, pigmentation and various physiological characters, are commonly observed in the four mutagenized populations. Conditional mutants such as gain or loss of resistance to blast, bacterial blight, and tungro disease have been identified at frequencies ranging from 0.01% to 0.1%. Results from pilot experiments indicate that the mutant collections are suitable for reverse genetics through PCR-detection of deletions and TILLING. Furthermore, deletions can be detected using oligomer chips suggesting a general technique to pinpoint deletions when genome-wide oligomer chips are broadly available. M4 mutant seeds are available for users for screening of altered response to multiple stresses. So far, more than 15,000 mutant lines have been distributed. To facilitate broad usage of the mutants, a mutant database has been constructed in the International Rice Information System (IRIS; http: //www.iris.irri.org) to document the phenotypes and gene function discovered by users.
IR64是南亚和东南亚种植最广泛的籼稻品种，具有许多优良的农艺性状（如适应性广、高产潜力、抗多种病虫害以及食味品质好等），使其成为鉴定重要农艺性状突变变化的理想基因型。我们利用化学诱变和辐射诱变产生了大量具有不同遗传损伤的IR64突变体，适用于正向遗传学和反向遗传学研究。通过使用化学诱变剂（双环氧丁烷和甲基磺酸乙酯）和辐射（快中子和伽马射线）诱变，已产生了约60,000个IR64突变体。超过38,000个独立株系已推进到M4代，可通过重复试验评估数量性状。在四个诱变群体中普遍观察到营养生长和生殖生长阶段的形态变异，包括株型、生长习性、色素沉着和各种生理特征。已鉴定出对稻瘟病、白叶枯病和东格鲁病抗性增强或丧失等条件突变体，频率范围为0.01%至0.1%。初步实验结果表明，这些突变体库适用于通过PCR检测缺失和定向诱导基因组局部突变进行反向遗传学研究。此外，可使用寡聚体芯片检测缺失，这表明当全基因组寡聚体芯片广泛可用时，这是一种确定缺失的通用技术。M4突变体种子可供用户筛选对多种胁迫反应改变的材料。到目前为止，已分发了超过15,000个突变体系。为了便于广泛使用这些突变体，已在国际水稻信息系统（IRIS；http://www.iris.irri.org）中构建了一个突变体数据库，以记录用户发现的表型和基因功能。
