McHugh Malachy P, Tyler Timothy F, Tetro Danielle T, Mullaney Michael J, Nicholas Stephen J
Nicholas Institute of Sports Medicine and Athletic Trauma, Lenox Hill Hospital, 130 East 77th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Am J Sports Med. 2006 Mar;34(3):464-70. doi: 10.1177/0363546505280427. Epub 2005 Oct 11.
Ankle sprains are among the most common sports injuries.
Poor balance as measured on a balance board and weakness in hip abduction strength are associated with an increased risk of noncontact ankle sprains in high school athletes.
Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.
One hundred sixty-nine high school athletes (101 male athletes, 68 female athletes) from football, men's basketball, men's soccer, women's gymnastics, women's basketball, and women's soccer were observed for 2 years. Balance in single-limb stance on an instrumented tilt board and hip flexion, abduction, and adduction strength (handheld dynamometer) were assessed in the preseason. Body mass, height, generalized ligamentous laxity, previous ankle sprains, and ankle tape or brace use were also documented.
There were 20 noncontact inversion ankle sprains. Balance ability (P = .72), hip abduction strength (P = .66), hip adduction strength (P = .41), and hip flexion strength (P = .87) were not significant risk factors for ankle sprains. The incidence of grade II and grade III sprains was higher in athletes with a history of a previous ankle sprain (1.12 vs 0.26 per 1000 exposures, P < .05). A higher body mass index in male athletes was associated with increased risk (P < .05). The combination of a previous injury and being overweight further increased risk (P < .01).
Balance as measured on a balance board and hip strength were not significant indicators for noncontact ankle sprains. The apparent high injury risk associated with the combination of a history of a previous ankle sprain and being overweight in male athletes warrants further examination.
踝关节扭伤是最常见的运动损伤之一。
在平衡板上测量的平衡能力差以及髋关节外展力量弱与高中运动员非接触性踝关节扭伤风险增加有关。
队列研究；证据等级，2级。
对来自足球、男子篮球、男子足球、女子体操、女子篮球和女子足球项目的169名高中运动员（101名男运动员，68名女运动员）进行了2年的观察。在季前赛中评估了在仪器化倾斜板上单腿站立的平衡能力以及髋关节屈伸、外展和内收力量（手持式测力计）。还记录了体重、身高、全身韧带松弛度、既往踝关节扭伤情况以及是否使用踝关节胶带或支具。
发生了20例非接触性内翻踝关节扭伤。平衡能力（P = 0.72）、髋关节外展力量（P = 0.66）、髋关节内收力量（P = 0.41）和髋关节屈伸力量（P = 0.87）不是踝关节扭伤的显著危险因素。有既往踝关节扭伤史的运动员中II级和III级扭伤的发生率更高（每1000次暴露分别为1.12和0.26，P < 0.05）。男性运动员较高的体重指数与风险增加相关（P < 0.05）。既往损伤和超重的共同作用进一步增加了风险（P < 0.01）。
在平衡板上测量的平衡能力和髋关节力量不是非接触性踝关节扭伤的显著指标。男性运动员既往踝关节扭伤史和超重共同作用所表现出的高损伤风险值得进一步研究。
