Golden Zarabeth, Bouvier Monique, Selden Jennifer, Mattis Karen, Todd Mark, Golden Charles
Ely High School, Pompano Beach, Florida, USA.
Int J Neurosci. 2005 Nov;115(11):1569-77. doi: 10.1080/00207450590957953.
The purpose of this article was to examine the differences in neuropsychological test performance between groups with Alzheimer's and vascular dementia. Patients included in this study were those diagnosed with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) or Vascular Dementia (VAD) through a series of neuroradiological tests that included at a minimum a CT or MRI scan and a SPECT scan. Of the 113 AD patients, the average age was 80.08 (SD = 5.91) years and average education was 12.85 (SD = 2.88). Of the 109 VAD patients, average age was 78.67 (SD = 5.35) and average education was 13.10 (SD = 2.65). Tests included selected subtests of the WAIS-R, Word Fluency, Rey Figure, Boston Naming Test, Math, Reading, and subtests from the WMS-R. Five tests showed significant differences in favor of the VAD group: Information, Similarities, Picture Completion, WRAT Mathematics, and the Boston Naming Test. Both groups did well on Reading, while both did poorly on the Rey and Word Fluency. Although both groups did poorly on memory measures, the VAD patients showed better performance. Overall, the two groups did not differ significantly on the more complex tests, but did differ on more basic tests and all the memory tests. This pattern of similar score on complex tests and different scores on basic tests demonstrates the theory that both types of dementia affected higher, more complex skills. Differences between the groups were only apparent when basic skills were compared and were not reflected in more complex and neuropsychologically "sensitive" tests.
本文旨在研究阿尔茨海默病和血管性痴呆患者在神经心理测试表现上的差异。本研究纳入的患者是那些通过一系列神经放射学检查被诊断为阿尔茨海默病（AD）或血管性痴呆（VAD）的患者，这些检查至少包括CT或MRI扫描以及SPECT扫描。113名AD患者的平均年龄为80.08岁（标准差=5.91），平均受教育年限为12.85年（标准差=2.88）。109名VAD患者的平均年龄为78.67岁（标准差=5.35），平均受教育年限为13.10年（标准差=2.65）。测试包括韦氏成人智力量表修订版（WAIS-R）的部分分测验、词语流畅性、雷氏图形复制测验、波士顿命名测验、数学、阅读以及韦氏记忆量表修订版（WMS-R）的分测验。五项测试显示VAD组表现更优，存在显著差异：信息、相似性、图片填充、WRAT数学以及波士顿命名测验。两组在阅读测试中表现良好，而在雷氏图形复制测验和词语流畅性测试中表现较差。尽管两组在记忆测试中表现都不佳，但VAD患者表现更好。总体而言，两组在更复杂的测试中差异不显著，但在更基础的测试和所有记忆测试中存在差异。这种在复杂测试中得分相似而在基础测试中得分不同的模式证明了两种类型的痴呆均影响更高、更复杂技能的理论。只有在比较基础技能时，两组之间的差异才明显，而在更复杂和神经心理学“敏感”测试中并未体现出来。
