Young W B, Newton R U, Doyle T L A, Chapman D, Cormack S, Stewart G, Dawson B
School of Human Movement and Sport Sciences, University of Ballarat, Victoria, Australia.
J Sci Med Sport. 2005 Sep;8(3):333-45. doi: 10.1016/s1440-2440(05)80044-1.
A purpose of this study was to determine if pre-season anthropometric and physiological measures were significantly different for the players from one Australian Football League (AFL) club selected to play in the first game of the season compared to the players not selected. Another purpose was to compare fitness test results for defenders, forwards and mid-fielders in the same AFL club. Thirty-four players were tested for isolated quadriceps and hamstrings strength, leg extensor muscle strength and power, upper body strength, sprinting speed, vertical jump (VJ), endurance, skinfolds and hamstring flexibility. The starters who were selected to play the first game were a significantly older and more experienced playing group, and were significantly better (p < 0.05) in measures of leg power, sprinting speed and the distance covered in the Yo Yo intermittent recovery test compared to the non-starters. Although there were trends for the superiority of the starters, the differences in lower and upper body strength, VJ and predicted VO2max were non-significant. The forwards generally produced the worst fitness scores of the playing positions with the midfielders having significantly lower skinfolds and the defenders possessing better hamstring strength and VJ compared to the forwards. It was concluded that some fitness qualities can differentiate between starters and non-starters, at least in one AFL club. Comparisons of playing positions and the development of fitness norms for AFL players require further research.
本研究的目的之一是确定，与未被选中的球员相比，来自某澳大利亚足球联赛（AFL）俱乐部、被选中参加本赛季首场比赛的球员在赛季前的人体测量和生理指标是否存在显著差异。另一个目的是比较同一AFL俱乐部中后卫、前锋和中场球员的体能测试结果。对34名球员进行了单独的股四头肌和腘绳肌力量、腿部伸肌力量和功率、上身力量、冲刺速度、垂直跳跃（VJ）、耐力、皮褶厚度和腘绳肌柔韧性测试。被选中参加首场比赛的先发球员是年龄显著更大、经验更丰富的球员群体，与未先发球员相比，他们在腿部功率、冲刺速度和尤尔间歇恢复测试中的跑动距离等指标上显著更优（p < 0.05）。尽管先发球员有优势的趋势，但上下身力量、VJ和预测的最大摄氧量（VO2max）的差异并不显著。与前锋相比，中场球员的皮褶厚度显著更低，后卫的腘绳肌力量和VJ更好，前锋在各比赛位置中的体能得分总体最差。研究得出结论，至少在一个AFL俱乐部中，一些体能素质可以区分先发球员和未先发球员。AFL球员比赛位置的比较以及体能规范的制定需要进一步研究。
