Qin Xue-Jiao, Margrain Tom H, To Chi Ho, Bromham Nathan, Guggenheim Jeremy A
School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Wales, UK.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 Nov;46(11):4024-31. doi: 10.1167/iovs.05-0120.
To explore the associations between anisometropia and spherical ametropia, astigmatism, age, and sex.
Associations between the prevalence and magnitude of anisometropia with age, sex, spherical power, and cylindrical power, were assessed in a group of 90,884 subjects attending optometry practices in the United Kingdom. Logistic regression models were used to assess the independent contribution of each explanatory variable.
Logistic regression analyses that included all subjects or just those aged 20 to 40 years showed that spherical ametropia and astigmatism were independently associated with anisometropia (myopes, P < 1.0E-61; hyperopes, P < 1.0E-11). Anisometropia was relatively stable between the ages of 20 and 40 years, but then became more common with age, in myopes from the age of 40 years onward (P < 0.003) and in hyperopes from the age of 70 years onward (P < 1.0E-6). Sex was not associated with anisometropia to a clinically significant extent.
This is the first study to show an independent association between anisometropia and both spherical ametropia and astigmatism. The results also suggest that the previously noted increased prevalence of anisometropia with age occurs later in hyperopes than in myopes, once other covariates have been controlled for. However, it could not be ruled out that this latter effect was due to clinical selection bias in our sample. The findings suggest that research projects involving the recruitment of highly ametropic subjects, such as those investigating the genetics of refractive error, may benefit by avoiding the use of stringent inclusion criteria for anisometropia, because otherwise a large proportion of the relevant population will be excluded.
探讨屈光参差与球镜屈光不正、散光、年龄及性别的相关性。
在英国一组90884名接受验光检查的受试者中，评估屈光参差的患病率及程度与年龄、性别、球镜度数和柱镜度数之间的相关性。采用逻辑回归模型评估各解释变量的独立作用。
对所有受试者或仅对年龄在20至40岁之间的受试者进行的逻辑回归分析显示，球镜屈光不正和散光与屈光参差独立相关（近视者，P < 1.0E - 61；远视者，P < 1.0E - 11）。屈光参差在20至40岁之间相对稳定，但随后随年龄增长而更常见，近视者从40岁起（P < 0.003），远视者从70岁起（P < 1.0E - 6）。性别与屈光参差无临床显著相关性。
这是第一项显示屈光参差与球镜屈光不正和散光均存在独立相关性的研究。结果还表明，在控制其他协变量后，先前指出的屈光参差患病率随年龄增加的现象在远视者中比在近视者中出现得更晚。然而，不能排除后一种效应是由于我们样本中的临床选择偏倚所致。研究结果表明，涉及招募高度屈光不正受试者的研究项目，如那些研究屈光不正遗传学的项目，可能通过避免对屈光参差使用严格的纳入标准而受益，因为否则很大一部分相关人群将被排除。
