Ghayur Muhammad Nabeel, Gilani Anwarul Hassan, Houghton Peter J
Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi-74800, Sind, Pakistan.
J Pharm Pharmacol. 2005 Nov;57(11):1493-501. doi: 10.1211/jpp.57.11.0016.
This study describes the gastrointestinal (GI) prokinetic effects of the aqueous extract of radish seeds (Rs.Cr). Rs.Cr, which tested positive for terpenes, flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids and saponins, showed a spasmogenic effect in isolated rabbit jejunum and ileum, rat stomach fundus and ileum, and guinea-pig ileum and jejunum. Rs.Cr was around 10 times more potent in the guinea-pig tissues and this effect was resistant to atropine, pyrilamine or SB203186 while the spasmogenic effect in the rat and rabbit tissues was atropine sensitive. The extract exhibited atropine-sensitive GI prokinetic and laxative effects in vivo in mice. In the atropinized rabbit jejunum, Rs.Cr produced a spasmolytic effect independent of Ca(++) or K(+) channels, adrenergic or opioid receptor involvement. Activity-directed fractionation of Rs.Cr yielded four fractions, all showing effects similar to that of the parent extract. Rs.Cr and its fractions were found to be non-lethal up to 10 g kg(-1) in mice for 24 h, except for the petroleum fraction, which showed 50% mortality at high doses. Some known radish compounds (spermine, spermidine, putrescine and sinigrin) were also tested and found to be devoid of any activity. The study shows species-specific spasmogenic effects of radish in rabbit, rat and mouse via muscarinic receptors but through an uncharacterized pathway in guinea-pig tissues. Additionally, a dormant relaxant effect was also seen, while the three polyamines and one glucosinolate from radish were found to be inactive, indicating that the compound(s) responsible for the activities reported remains to be isolated.
本研究描述了萝卜籽水提取物（Rs.Cr）对胃肠道（GI）的促动力作用。Rs.Cr经检测，萜类、黄酮类、酚类、生物碱和皂苷呈阳性，在离体兔空肠和回肠、大鼠胃底和回肠以及豚鼠回肠和空肠中显示出致痉作用。Rs.Cr在豚鼠组织中的效力约为其他组织的10倍，且这种作用对阿托品、吡苄明或SB203186具有抗性，而在大鼠和兔组织中的致痉作用对阿托品敏感。该提取物在小鼠体内表现出对阿托品敏感的胃肠道促动力和通便作用。在阿托品化的兔空肠中，Rs.Cr产生的解痉作用与Ca(++)或K(+)通道、肾上腺素能或阿片受体无关。对Rs.Cr进行活性导向分级分离得到四个级分，所有级分的作用均与母体提取物相似。除石油级分在高剂量时显示50%的死亡率外，Rs.Cr及其级分在小鼠中剂量高达10 g kg(-1)时24小时内均无致死性。还对一些已知的萝卜化合物（精胺、亚精胺、腐胺和黑芥子苷）进行了测试，发现它们均无任何活性。该研究表明，萝卜对兔、大鼠和小鼠具有种属特异性的通过毒蕈碱受体的致痉作用，但在豚鼠组织中通过一条未明确的途径。此外，还观察到一种潜在的松弛作用，同时发现萝卜中的三种多胺和一种硫代葡萄糖苷无活性，这表明负责所报道活性的化合物仍有待分离。
