Sakurai Takayuki, Furukawa Miyako, Asoh Miyuki, Kanno Takahiro, Kojima Tadashi, Yonekubo Akie
Nutritional Research Institute, Meiji Dairies Corporation, Odawara, Kanagawa, Japan.
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2005 Aug;51(4):239-47. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.51.239.
To determine the concentrations of fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins in the maternal milk of Japanese women, we collected human milk samples from more than 4,000 mothers living throughout Japan between December 1998 and September 1999, and defined as group A the 691 samples among these that met the following conditions: breast milk of mothers who were under 40 y of age, who did not smoke habitually and/or use vitamin supplements, and whose babies showed no symptoms of atopy and had birth weights of 2.5 kg or more. We then analyzed the contents of vitamins individually. Large differences were observed among the contents of individual human milk samples. The mean contents of each component were as follows: vitamin A, 159.0 +/- 95.2 IU/100 mL; vitamin E, 0.325 +/- 0.165 alpha-TE mg/100mL; vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol), 8.0 +/- 10.7 ng/100mL; vitamin B1 (thiamin), 12.3 +/- 3.2 microg/100 mL; vitamin B2, 38.4 +/- 12.7 microg/100 mL; vitamin B6, 5.7 +/- 2.5 microg/100 mL; vitamin B12, 0.04 +/- 0.02 microg/100 mL; vitamin C, 5.1 +/- 1.9 mg/100 mL; biotin, 0.50 +/- 0.23 microg/100 mL; choline, 9.2 +/- 1.8 mg/100 mL; folic acid, 6.2 +/- 2.9 microg/100 mL; inositol, 12.6 +/- 3.6 mg/100 mL; niacin (nicotinamide), 32.9 +/- 20.4 microg/100 mL and pantothenic acid, 0.27 +/- 0.09 mg/100 mL. The concentrations of derivatives and/or related compounds of vitamin A (retinol, beta-carotene), vitamin E (alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol), and B2 (riboflavin, FMN, and FAD) were determined separately. The contents of each were found to vary greatly as the duration of lactation increased. The present results indicate that it is necessary to evaluate individual differences in human milk in order to perform valid research regarding infant formula.
为了测定日本女性母乳中脂溶性和水溶性维生素的浓度，我们于1998年12月至1999年9月期间，从全日本4000多名母亲那里收集了母乳样本，并将其中符合以下条件的691份样本定义为A组：母亲年龄在40岁以下，无习惯性吸烟和/或不使用维生素补充剂，其婴儿无特应性症状且出生体重在2.5千克或以上。然后我们分别分析了维生素的含量。各母乳样本的含量存在很大差异。各成分的平均含量如下：维生素A，159.0±95.2 IU/100 mL；维生素E，0.325±0.165α-TE mg/100mL；维生素D3（胆钙化醇），8.0±10.7 ng/100mL；维生素B1（硫胺素），12.3±3.2μg/100 mL；维生素B2，38.4±12.7μg/100 mL；维生素B6，5.7±2.5μg/100 mL；维生素B12，0.04±0.02μg/100 mL；维生素C，5.1±1.9 mg/100 mL；生物素，0.50±0.23μg/100 mL；胆碱，9.2±1.8 mg/100 mL；叶酸，6.2±2.9μg/100 mL；肌醇，12.6±3.6 mg/100 mL；烟酸（烟酰胺），32.9±20.4μg/100 mL；泛酸，0.27±0.09 mg/100 mL。分别测定了维生素A（视黄醇、β-胡萝卜素）、维生素E（α-、β-、γ-和δ-生育酚）以及B2（核黄素、FMN和FAD）的衍生物和/或相关化合物的浓度。发现每种成分的含量均随着哺乳期的延长而有很大变化。目前的结果表明，为了对婴儿配方奶粉进行有效的研究，有必要评估母乳中的个体差异。
