Dagli E
Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, Marmara University, Altunizade, Istanbul 81190, Turkey.
Paediatr Respir Rev. 2000 Mar;1(1):64-70. doi: 10.1053/prrv.2000.0011.
Bronchiectasis is becoming less common as the treatment for acute lower respiratory tract infections improves and immunization programmes decrease the frequency of pertussis and measles. However bronchiectasis is still a challenge to the paediatric chest physicians in many developing parts of the world and it remains a frequent problem being the final common pathway of several different lower respiratory tract insults such as cystic fibrosis, immunodeficiency, ciliary dyskinesia. Although the treatment of patients with bronchiectasis is primarily medical, surgical treatment is required in a small group of patients with recurrent episodes of pneumonia and atelectasis localized to one area, severe or recurrent hemoptysis and in those unresponsive to aggressive medical treatment with abnormal growth and development. There are unanswered questions about childhood bronchiectasis, mainly on aetiology and treatment which require more research.
随着急性下呼吸道感染治疗方法的改进以及免疫规划降低了百日咳和麻疹的发病率，支气管扩张症正变得不那么常见。然而，在世界许多发展中地区，支气管扩张症对儿科胸科医生来说仍是一项挑战，它仍然是一个常见问题，是几种不同下呼吸道损伤（如囊性纤维化、免疫缺陷、纤毛运动障碍）的最终共同途径。虽然支气管扩张症患者的治疗主要是药物治疗，但一小部分反复发生肺炎和肺不张且局限于一个区域、严重或反复咯血以及对积极药物治疗无反应且生长发育异常的患者需要手术治疗。关于儿童支气管扩张症仍有一些未解决的问题，主要涉及病因和治疗，这需要更多的研究。
