Hilhorst Dorothea
Disaster Studies, Wageningen University, Netherlands.
Disasters. 2005 Dec;29(4):351-69. doi: 10.1111/j.0361-3666.2005.00297.x.
This paper examines the present value of the Code of Conduct for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Disaster Relief, in view of discussions on neutrality and the Western bias of the humanitarian aid system, and assesses how it can retain its relevance in future. The Code of Conduct was launched just after the Rwanda genocide of April 1994. A decade later, the crises in Afghanistan and Iraq have sparked renewed interest in humanitarian principles and in whether the code can serve as an instrument to define humanitarianism and guide humanitarian decision-making and coordination. More than 300 organisations have now subscribed to it. This paper is based on the findings of a survey of code signatories and the outcomes of a conference on the value and future of the code, held in The Hague, Netherlands, in September 2004 to mark its tenth anniversary.
鉴于围绕中立性及人道主义援助体系的西方偏向展开的讨论，本文审视了《国际红十字与红新月运动及非政府组织救灾行为准则》的现值，并评估其在未来如何保持相关性。该行为准则于1994年4月卢旺达种族灭绝事件后不久发布。十年后，阿富汗和伊拉克的危机引发了人们对人道主义原则以及该准则能否作为界定人道主义、指导人道主义决策与协调的工具的新兴趣。目前已有300多个组织签署了该准则。本文基于对准则签署方的调查结果以及2004年9月在荷兰海牙举行的关于该准则的价值与未来的会议成果撰写，此次会议是为纪念该准则发布十周年而召开的。
