Sartorius B, Penttinen P, Nilsson J, Johansen K, Jönsson K, Arneborn M, Löfdahl M, Giesecke J
European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training, Department of Epidemiology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Solna, Sweden.
Euro Surveill. 2005 Sep;10(9):191-3.
Between 24 February and 26 April 2004, Västra Götaland county in Sweden reported 42 cases of suspected mumps. A descriptive study of the cases was undertaken. A questionnaire was administered by telephone and vaccine effectiveness was calculated using the screening method. Seventy four per cent (31/42) of the suspected cases were interviewed by telephone. Eight out of the 42 serum samples were positive or equivocal for mumps IgM by ELISA. Mumps virus genome was identified in 21/42 (50%) saliva samples. Eleven were selected for sequencing and all were confirmed to be mumps virus. Cases were predominantly from 2 small towns. Eighteen out of 19 cases that developed bilateral swelling could be linked to one small town. The median age of interviewed cases was 43 years (range 5 to 88). Six cases were admitted to hospital, 5 of which were older than 30 years. The highest incidence occurred in the 35 to 44 years age group. Vaccine effectiveness was estimated to be 65% for 1 dose and 91% for 2 doses. This descriptive study shows the increasing age of mumps cases with increasing vaccine coverage. Vaccine effectiveness was particularly high for 2 doses. Second-dose uptake must be ensured, as primary vaccine failure is well documented in mumps. Stronger precautions must be taken to avoid pools of susceptible older individuals accumulating due to the increased risk of complications.
2004年2月24日至4月26日期间，瑞典韦斯特罗斯-哥塔兰省报告了42例疑似腮腺炎病例。对这些病例进行了描述性研究。通过电话进行问卷调查，并使用筛查方法计算疫苗效力。42例疑似病例中有74%（31/42）接受了电话访谈。42份血清样本中有8份通过酶联免疫吸附测定法检测出腮腺炎IgM呈阳性或疑似阳性。在42份唾液样本中有21份（50%）检测出腮腺炎病毒基因组。选取了11份进行测序，所有样本均被确认为腮腺炎病毒。病例主要来自2个小镇。19例出现双侧肿胀的病例中有18例与其中一个小镇有关联。接受访谈病例的年龄中位数为43岁（范围为5至88岁）。6例住院，其中5例年龄超过30岁。发病率最高的年龄段为35至44岁。估计1剂疫苗的效力为65%，2剂疫苗的效力为91%。这项描述性研究表明，随着疫苗接种覆盖率的提高，腮腺炎病例的年龄呈上升趋势。2剂疫苗的效力尤其高。必须确保第二剂疫苗的接种，因为腮腺炎中首剂疫苗失效的情况已有充分记录。必须采取更严格的预防措施，以避免因并发症风险增加而导致易感老年人群体聚集。
