三种电子体温计在治疗方式研究中的不确定性（有效性和可靠性）。
The uncertainty (validity and reliability) of three electrothermometers in therapeutic modality research.
作者信息
Jutte Lisa S, Knight Kenneth L, Long Blaine C, Hawkins Jeremy R, Schulthies Shane S, Dalley Ethan B
机构信息
Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.
出版信息
J Athl Train. 2005 Jul-Sep;40(3):207-10.
CONTEXT
Data from electrothermometers are used to determine therapeutic modality usage, but the value of experimental results is only as good as the data collected.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the reliability and validity of 3 electrothermometers from 2 manufacturers.
DESIGN
A 3 x 4 x 17 factorial with repeated measures on 2 factors. Independent variables were trial (1, 2, 3), thermometer (mercury thermometer, Iso-Thermex calibrated from -50 degrees C to 50 degrees C, Iso-Thermex calibrated from -20 degrees C to 80 degrees C, and Datalogger), and time (17).
SETTING
Human Performance Research Center.
INTERVENTION(S): Eighteen thermocouples were inserted through the wall of a foamed polystyrene cooler, and 6 were connected to each of the 3 electrothermometers. The cooler was positioned on a stir plate and filled with room-temperature water (18.4 degrees C). A mercury thermometer was immersed into the water bath. Measurements of the water bath were taken every 10 seconds for three 3-minute trials.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The temperature variability of 3 electrothermometers was taken from a calibrated mercury thermometer.
RESULTS
The Iso-Thermex electrothermometers did not differ statistically from each other in uncertainty (validity error +/- reliability error = 0.06 degrees C +/- 0.03 degrees C +/- 0.03 degrees C +/- 0.02 degrees C, P < .05), but both differed from the Datalogger (0.64 degrees C +/- 0.20 degrees C, P < .05). The Datalogger temperature was consistently higher than the mercury thermometer temperature.
CONCLUSIONS
The Iso-Thermex electrothermometers were more stable than the Datalogger, and values were within the published uncertainty (+/-0.1 degrees C) when used with PT-6 thermocouples. The Datalogger we used had an uncertainty of measurement greater than that indicated in the user's manual (approximately +/-0.52 degrees C). Uncertainty of +/-0.84 degrees C can significantly influence the interpretation of results when intramuscular temperature changes are usually less than 5 degrees C.
背景
电子体温计的数据用于确定治疗方式的使用情况，但实验结果的价值仅取决于所收集的数据。
目的
确定来自2个制造商的3种电子体温计的可靠性和有效性。
设计
一个3×4×17的析因设计，对2个因素进行重复测量。自变量为试验（1、2、3）、体温计（水银体温计、校准范围为-50℃至50℃的Iso-Thermex体温计、校准范围为-20℃至80℃的Iso-Thermex体温计以及数据记录器）和时间（17）。
地点
人体性能研究中心。
干预措施
将18个热电偶穿过泡沫聚苯乙烯冷却器的壁插入，6个分别连接到3种电子体温计上。冷却器放置在搅拌板上并装满室温的水（18.4℃）。将一支水银体温计浸入水浴中。在三个3分钟的试验中，每隔10秒测量一次水浴温度。
主要观察指标
从校准后的水银体温计获取3种电子体温计的温度变异性。
结果
Iso-Thermex电子体温计在不确定度方面彼此之间无统计学差异（有效性误差±可靠性误差 = 0.06℃±0.03℃±0.03℃±0.02℃，P <.05），但两者均与数据记录器不同（0.64℃±0.20℃，P <.05）。数据记录器的温度始终高于水银体温计的温度。
结论
Iso-Thermex电子体温计比数据记录器更稳定，并且与PT-6热电偶一起使用时，其数值在公布的不确定度（±0.1℃）范围内。我们使用的数据记录器的测量不确定度大于用户手册中所示的不确定度（约±0.52℃）。当肌肉温度变化通常小于5℃时，±0.84℃的不确定度会显著影响结果的解释。
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