King Michael, Jones Louise, Barnes Kelly, Low Joseph, Walker Carl, Wilkinson Susie, Mason Christina, Sutherland Juliette, Tookman Adrian
Department of Mental Health Sciences, Royal Free and University College Medical School, University College London, UK.
Psychol Med. 2006 Mar;36(3):417-25. doi: 10.1017/S003329170500629X. Epub 2005 Nov 17.
Higher levels of religious involvement are modestly associated with better health, after taking account of other influences, such as age, sex and social support. However, little account is taken of spiritual beliefs that are not tied to personal or public religious practice. Our objective was to develop a standardized measure of spirituality for use in clinical research.
We characterized the core components of spirituality using narrative data from a purposive sample of people, some of whom were near the end of their lives. These data were developed into statements in a scale to measure strength of spiritual beliefs and its reliability, validity and factor structure were evaluated in order to reach a final version.
Thirty-nine people took part in the qualitative study to define the nature of spirituality in their lives. These data were used to construct a 47-item instrument that was evaluated in 372 people recruited in medical and non-medical settings. Analysis of these statements led to a 24-item version that was evaluated in a further sample of 284 people recruited in similar settings. The final 20-item questionnaire performed with high test-retest and internal reliability and measures spirituality across a broad religious and non-religious perspective.
A measure of spiritual belief that is not limited to religious thought, may contribute to research in psychiatry and medicine.
在考虑年龄、性别和社会支持等其他影响因素后，较高水平的宗教参与与较好的健康状况存在适度关联。然而，很少有人考虑与个人或公共宗教实践无关的精神信仰。我们的目标是开发一种用于临床研究的标准化精神性测量方法。
我们使用来自有目的抽样人群的叙述性数据来描述精神性的核心成分，其中一些人已接近生命末期。这些数据被编制成一个量表中的陈述，以测量精神信仰的强度，并对其信度、效度和因子结构进行评估，以得出最终版本。
39人参与了定性研究，以界定他们生活中精神性的本质。这些数据被用于构建一个包含47个条目的工具，并在从医疗和非医疗环境中招募的372人身上进行了评估。对这些陈述的分析得出了一个包含24个条目的版本，并在从类似环境中招募的另外284人的样本中进行了评估。最终的20个条目问卷具有较高的重测信度和内部信度，并且从广泛的宗教和非宗教视角测量精神性。
一种不限于宗教思想的精神信仰测量方法，可能有助于精神病学和医学研究。
