Gewurtz Sarah B, Laposa Rebecca, Gandhi Nilima, Christensen Guttorm N, Evenset Anita, Gregor Dennis, Diamond Miriam L
Department of Geography, University of Toronto, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3G3.
Chemosphere. 2006 May;63(8):1328-41. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.09.031. Epub 2005 Nov 15.
In order to compare the abilities of arctic and temperate fish to accumulate PCBs we conduct a metabolic analysis to determine how process rates in a mathematical fish contaminant model change with temperature. We evaluate the model by applying the original and adapted models to estimate PCB concentrations in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in Trout Lake, Ontario, Canada, and in arctic char (Salvelinus alphinus) in Lake Øyangen, in the Norwegian high arctic. Modeled concentrations are, for the most part, within 50% of mean measured values and are comparable to the error associated with the fish data. In order to evaluate differences in fish bioaccumulation processes, the model is applied to hypothetical arctic and temperate systems, assuming the same contaminant input values in water and diet. The model predicts that temperate salmonids are able to biomagnify PCBs 6-60% more than arctic salmonids. For all congeners, the lower BMF(MAX) of arctic fish contribute to their lower concentrations. For congeners with log K(ow) < 6.0, the lower concentrations in arctic fish are also attributed to faster loss due to gill ventilation. Faster growth rates for temperate fish reduce the difference in bioaccumulation for congeners with log K(ow) > 7.0. These processes are controlled by the influence of lipid in the fish and their diet as well as the dependence of growth on temperature. We suggest that fish models originally calibrated for temperate systems may be directly applied to arctic lakes after accounting for the lipid content of the fish and their diet as well as water temperature.
为了比较北极鱼类和温带鱼类积累多氯联苯的能力，我们进行了一项代谢分析，以确定数学鱼类污染物模型中的过程速率如何随温度变化。我们通过应用原始模型和改进模型来评估该模型，以估算加拿大安大略省特劳特湖的湖鳟（Salvelinus namaycush）以及挪威高北极地区奥扬根湖的北极红点鲑（Salvelinus alphinus）体内的多氯联苯浓度。模拟浓度在大多数情况下，处于实测平均值的50%以内，并且与鱼类数据的相关误差相当。为了评估鱼类生物累积过程的差异，该模型被应用于假设的北极和温带系统，假设水和食物中的污染物输入值相同。该模型预测，温带鲑科鱼类比北极鲑科鱼类能够将多氯联苯生物放大6% - 60%。对于所有同系物，北极鱼类较低的生物放大因子最大值（BMF(MAX)）导致其体内浓度较低。对于log K(ow) < 6.0的同系物，北极鱼类体内较低的浓度还归因于鳃呼吸导致的更快损失。温带鱼类更快的生长速度减少了log K(ow) > 7.0的同系物在生物累积方面的差异。这些过程受鱼类及其食物中脂质的影响以及生长对温度的依赖性控制。我们建议，最初针对温带系统校准的鱼类模型，在考虑鱼类及其食物的脂质含量以及水温后，可直接应用于北极湖泊。
