Li Zhou, Cheng Xi, Wang Chun-jing, Li Gui-ling, Xia Shu-zhen, Wei Feng-hua
Tongji Medical College, Huazhong university of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430032, China.
Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi. 2005 Aug 30;23(4):206-8.
To extract and purify the active component from Solanum for Oncomelania snail control, evaluate its effect against the snails and determine its chemical structure.
Pedicel and seed were moved and the remaining part of the Solanum xanthocarpum fruit was torrefied and ground into powder. The powder was soaked into 95% ethanol and extracted. The residue was treated by ethyl acetate. 7 components were separated by methods of thin layer chromatography (TLC) and column chromatography (CCL). 4 main components were observed for the effect of snail-killing by immersion method. An alkaloid with Rf = 0. 58, named as component A, was confirmed as one of the effective components for Oncomelania snail control. The component A was further purified and received Al and A2 by proper elusion, and their effect was re-tested. The molecular weight and chemical structure of A2 were determined by MS, NMR and IR respectively.
The death rate of Oncomelania snails was 94.2% when the concentration of component A was 2.50 mg/L1(28 C ). The flow liquid system (ethyl acetate: chloroform: methanol 11:11:35) applied was the best reagent for separating component A. The death rate of Oncomelania snails in solution of A2 (0.2 mg/L) was 100% (28 degrees C). The molecular weight of A2 was 867 with an mp 298-305 C.
The effective agent (A2),one of the active components from the fruit of Solanum xanthocar pum, is alpha-solamargine which shows an excellent effect in killing Oncomelania snails.
从茄属植物中提取并纯化用于控制钉螺的活性成分，评估其对钉螺的作用并确定其化学结构。
去除黄果茄果实的花梗和种子，将剩余部分烘干并研磨成粉末。将粉末用95%乙醇浸泡提取。残渣用乙酸乙酯处理。通过薄层色谱（TLC）和柱色谱（CCL）方法分离出7种成分。采用浸泡法观察4种主要成分对钉螺的杀灭效果。一种Rf值为0.58的生物碱，命名为成分A，被确认为控制钉螺的有效成分之一。对成分A进一步纯化，通过适当洗脱得到A1和A2，并重新测试它们的效果。分别用质谱（MS）、核磁共振（NMR）和红外光谱（IR）测定A2的分子量和化学结构。
当成分A浓度为2.50mg/L（28℃）时，钉螺死亡率为94.2%。所采用的流动相体系（乙酸乙酯∶氯仿∶甲醇11∶11∶35）是分离成分A的最佳试剂。A2溶液（0.2mg/L）中钉螺死亡率在28℃时为100%。A2的分子量为867，熔点为298 - 305℃。
有效药剂（A2）是黄果茄果实的活性成分之一，为α-茄碱，对杀灭钉螺显示出优异效果。
