Albert D J, Jonik R H, Walsh M L
Psychology Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 1992 Summer;16(2):177-92. doi: 10.1016/s0149-7634(05)80179-4.
Hormone-dependent aggression in both male and female rats includes the distinctive behavioral characteristics of piloerection and lateral attack. In males the aggression is dependent on testicular testosterone and is commonly known as intermale aggression. In females, the aggression is most commonly observed as maternal aggression and is dependent on hormones whose identity is only beginning to emerge. The present review examines the experiential events which activate hormone-dependent aggression, the relation of the aggression to gonadal hormones, and the neural structures that participate in its modulation. In males and females, the aggression is activated by cohabitation with a conspecific of the opposite sex, by competitive experience, and by repeated exposure to unfamiliar conspecifics. In the female, the presence of pups also activates aggression. In both males and females, hormones are necessary for the full manifestation of the aggression. The essential hormone appears to be testosterone in males and a combination of testosterone and estradiol in females. The information available suggests the neural control systems for hormone-dependent aggression may be similar in males and females. It is argued that hormone-dependent aggression is behaviorally and biologically homologous in male and female rats.
雄性和雌性大鼠中激素依赖性攻击行为都包括竖毛和侧攻等独特的行为特征。在雄性大鼠中，攻击行为依赖于睾丸睾酮，通常被称为雄性间攻击行为。在雌性大鼠中，攻击行为最常见的是母性攻击行为，并且依赖于其身份才刚刚开始显现的激素。本综述探讨了激活激素依赖性攻击行为的经验事件、攻击行为与性腺激素的关系以及参与其调节的神经结构。在雄性和雌性大鼠中，与异性同种动物同居、竞争经历以及反复接触陌生同种动物都会激活攻击行为。在雌性大鼠中，幼崽的存在也会激活攻击行为。在雄性和雌性大鼠中，激素对于攻击行为的充分表现都是必需的。在雄性大鼠中，关键激素似乎是睾酮；在雌性大鼠中，则是睾酮和雌二醇的组合。现有信息表明，雄性和雌性大鼠中激素依赖性攻击行为的神经控制系统可能相似。有人认为，激素依赖性攻击行为在雄性和雌性大鼠中在行为和生物学上是同源的。
