Sajid M S, Iqbal Z, Muhammad G, Iqbal M U
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Veterinary Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad - 38040, Pakistan.
Parasitology. 2006 Mar;132(Pt 3):301-13. doi: 10.1017/S0031182005009108. Epub 2005 Dec 7.
This paper reviews the immunomodulatory effects (immunosuppression or immunoactivation) of various anthelmintics including levamisole, fenvalerate, dieldrin, carbofuran, aminocarb, thiabendazole, fenbendazole, oxfendazole and ivermectin. The induced modulation of immune function may occur via direct and/or indirect mechanisms. The immunomodulatory effects of these anti-parasitics have been studied in a variety of bacterial (e.g. brucellosis, salmonellosis, paratuberculosis, mastitis), viral (e.g. infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, Herpes, foot and mouth disease), parasitic (e.g. onchocerciasis, coccidiosis, ascariasis, schistosomiasis) and neoplastic diseases. Some antiparasitics have also been used to boost immunity in a number of human diseases including leprosy, Hodgkin's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and in adjuvanted therapy of colorectal cancer. The ability to stimulate the immune response of animals offers a new means of disease intervention. Future research on immunomodulatory effects of anti-parasitics, for humans and domestic farm animals, will provide additional methods of treating immunosuppressed subjects. The immunopotentiating or immunosuppressing activity of anti-parasitics will dictate whether co-administration of vaccines and anthelmintics or administration of vaccines during the window of immunoactivation is justified or not.
本文综述了多种驱虫药（包括左旋咪唑、氰戊菊酯、狄氏剂、呋喃丹、氨基甲酸酯、噻苯达唑、芬苯达唑、奥芬达唑和伊维菌素）的免疫调节作用（免疫抑制或免疫激活）。诱导的免疫功能调节可能通过直接和/或间接机制发生。这些抗寄生虫药的免疫调节作用已在多种细菌（如布鲁氏菌病、沙门氏菌病、副结核病、乳腺炎）、病毒（如传染性牛鼻气管炎、疱疹、口蹄疫）、寄生虫（如盘尾丝虫病、球虫病、蛔虫病、血吸虫病）和肿瘤疾病中进行了研究。一些抗寄生虫药还被用于增强多种人类疾病（包括麻风病、霍奇金病、类风湿性关节炎）的免疫力，以及在结直肠癌的辅助治疗中使用。刺激动物免疫反应的能力提供了一种新的疾病干预手段。未来针对人类和家养农场动物抗寄生虫药免疫调节作用的研究，将为治疗免疫抑制个体提供更多方法。抗寄生虫药的免疫增强或免疫抑制活性将决定疫苗与驱虫药联合使用或在免疫激活窗口期接种疫苗是否合理。
