More Simon J, Good Margaret
Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology and Risk Analysis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
Vet Microbiol. 2006 Feb 25;112(2-4):239-51. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.11.022. Epub 2005 Dec 6.
A national programme to eradicate bovine tuberculosis commenced in Ireland in 1954. During the last 15-20 years, research has been conducted to address gaps in knowledge of disease epidemiology, to objectively evaluate alternative strategy options, and to critically assess the implementation of disease control strategies. This paper provides a review of scientific and policy advances in Ireland since 1988, relevant to the tuberculosis eradication programme in Ireland. There have been substantial advances in knowledge of aspects of disease epidemiology, relating to cattle-to-cattle transmission, the role of wildlife, transmission of infection from wildlife and methods to minimise wildlife-to-cattle transmission. Further, scientific advances have been made both in the detection and management of infected herds. With respect to policy, the paper describes current policy and policy advances in both the detection and management of infected herds, as well as current strategies to prevent herd breakdowns. The Irish programme is a useful example of science-informed policy in a national context.
1954年，爱尔兰启动了一项根除牛结核病的国家计划。在过去的15至20年里，开展了相关研究，以填补疾病流行病学知识方面的空白，客观评估替代策略选项，并严格评估疾病控制策略的实施情况。本文回顾了自1988年以来爱尔兰在与结核病根除计划相关方面的科学和政策进展。在疾病流行病学的一些方面，如牛与牛之间的传播、野生动物的作用、野生动物感染的传播以及减少野生动物向牛传播的方法等方面，已有了实质性进展。此外，在感染牛群的检测和管理方面也取得了科学进展。在政策方面，本文描述了感染牛群检测和管理方面的现行政策及政策进展，以及预防牛群发病的现行策略。爱尔兰的计划是国家层面科学决策政策的一个有益范例。
