Timko Christine, Billow Rachel, DeBenedetti Anna
Center for Health Care Evaluation, Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System, and Stanford University Medical Center, VA Health Care System, 795 Willow Road (152-MPD), Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2006 Jun 28;83(2):111-21. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.11.005. Epub 2005 Dec 9.
This study examined characteristics of substance use disorder (SUD) outpatients at intake to treatment (N=345) that were associated with more 12-step group attendance and involvement, Steps worked, and acceptance of 12-step philosophy at a 6-month follow-up (N=281, 81.4%). Patient characteristics covered the domains of sociodemographics, SUD severity, personal functioning, and previous help received. Distinguishing baseline characteristics of patients who attended more 12-step group meetings during follow-up were being less-educated, more engaged in religious practices, and more extroverted and interpersonally competent, and having had more previous 12-step group exposure. These patient characteristics were generally similar to those associated with more 12-step meeting involvement and philosophy acceptance. More 12-step meeting attendance and involvement were related to abstinence at 6 months. Associations of attendance with abstinence were stronger among patients who were younger, white, less-educated, unstably employed, less religious, and less interpersonally skilled. These patients may have had fewer available social resources and so benefitted more from the fellowship and support for abstinence that 12-step group members often provide. We suggest methods by which treatment providers may encourage 12-step group affiliation among patients likely to benefit from it on substance use outcomes.
本研究调查了物质使用障碍（SUD）门诊患者在治疗开始时（N = 345）的特征，这些特征与在6个月随访时（N = 281，81.4%）更多地参加12步团体会议并积极参与、完成的步骤数量以及对12步理念的接受程度相关。患者特征涵盖社会人口统计学、SUD严重程度、个人功能以及之前接受的帮助等领域。在随访期间参加更多12步团体会议的患者的基线特征包括受教育程度较低、更多地参与宗教活动、更外向且人际能力更强，以及之前接触过更多的12步团体。这些患者特征通常与更多地参与12步会议以及接受该理念相关。更多地参加12步会议并积极参与与6个月时的戒酒情况相关。在年龄较小、白人、受教育程度较低、就业不稳定、宗教信仰较少且人际技能较差的患者中，参加会议与戒酒之间的关联更强。这些患者可能拥有的可用社会资源较少，因此从12步团体成员经常提供的戒酒同伴关系和支持中获益更多。我们提出了一些方法，治疗提供者可以通过这些方法鼓励可能从12步团体附属关系中在物质使用结果方面获益的患者加入该团体。
