The International Agency for C Determination, The Water Quality Institute, Agern Allé 11, DK 2970 Hørsholm, Denmark.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 Jan;56(1):75-80. doi: 10.1128/aem.56.1.75-80.1990.
The effects of 3,5-dichlorophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, and potassium dichromate on natural bacterial assemblages were examined by means of [H]thymidine incorporation into trichloroacetic acid-insoluble material. Results from a large number of coastal marine and freshwater samples suggest the following. (i) The effects of the three toxicants included reductions in the bacterial cell number as well as changes in rates of [H]thymidine incorporation and in [H]thymidine incorporation per cell. The concentrations that inhibited [H]thymidine incorporation by 50% ranged from 3 to 11 mg liter for 3,5-dichlorophenol, 6 to 10 mg liter for 2,4-dinitrophenol, and 21 to 123 mg liter for potassium dichromate, with a tendency to higher values in bacterial assemblages from more eutrophic environments. (ii) The effects of 3,5-dichlorophenol and potassium dichromate determined by [H]leucine incorporation into bacterial protein were similar or larger than those obtained from [H]thymidine incorporation. (iii) Two to four hours of exposure to the toxicants was necessary before stable maximum effects were found in [H]thymidine incorporation. (iv) Storage of natural environmental samples should be avoided, since tests with water stored for 1 to 3 days sometimes produced results different from results obtained from in situ tests. (v) The effects of 3,5-dichlorophenol, 2,4-dinitrophenol, and potassium dichromate on natural bacterial assemblages were relatively constant during periods with different growth rates in the assemblages, during various periods of the year, and between samples from freshwater and marine localities. With some precautions, [H]thymidine incorporation can be used as a quick and sensitive method for determining the effects of toxicants on aquatic bacterial assemblages from natural environmental samples.
采用[H]胸腺嘧啶核苷掺入三氯乙酸不溶物质的方法，研究了 3,5-二氯苯酚、2,4-二硝基苯酚和重铬酸钾对自然细菌组合的影响。大量沿海和淡水样本的结果表明：（i）三种毒物的作用包括细菌数量减少以及[H]胸腺嘧啶核苷掺入率和每个细胞的[H]胸腺嘧啶核苷掺入量的变化。抑制[H]胸腺嘧啶核苷掺入 50%的浓度范围，对于 3,5-二氯苯酚为 3 至 11 毫克/升，对于 2,4-二硝基苯酚为 6 至 10 毫克/升，对于重铬酸钾为 21 至 123 毫克/升，在富营养化环境中的细菌组合中，浓度值有升高的趋势。（ii）通过[H]亮氨酸掺入细菌蛋白来确定的 3,5-二氯苯酚和重铬酸钾的影响，与从[H]胸腺嘧啶核苷掺入中获得的影响相似或更大。（iii）在[H]胸腺嘧啶核苷掺入中发现稳定的最大效应之前，需要 2 至 4 小时的暴露于毒物。（iv）应避免储存自然环境样本，因为对储存 1 至 3 天的水样进行的测试有时会产生与原位测试结果不同的结果。（v）在细菌组合的不同生长速率期间、在一年中的不同时期以及在淡水和海洋地点的样本之间，3,5-二氯苯酚、2,4-二硝基苯酚和重铬酸钾对自然细菌组合的影响相对稳定。在采取一些预防措施的情况下，[H]胸腺嘧啶核苷掺入可作为一种快速灵敏的方法，用于确定来自自然环境样本的水生细菌组合中有毒物质的影响。
